Abstract: Based on the realistic background of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals ＆ ensuring energy security,an evolutionary game model of thermal coal supply and demand is built regulated by the government,coal enterprises and power generation enterprises. The stability of game strategy main body is analyzed,and the evolution path and influencing factors of the model are discussed through numerical simulation analysis. The results show that the government strategy will eventually evolve towards negative regulation,while the strategies of coal and power generation enterprises will eventually evolve towards increasing supply and not restricting electricity. Different government rewards and penalties ＆ contract performance rates of coal medium and long term agreement will have different effects on the strategy choices of coal and power generation enterprises.