This paper proposes an engineering calculation method for the rear-side irradiance of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules. Based on simplified two-dimensional view factors
the method considers array geometric parameters and horizontal irradiance. It uses a segmentation approach to determine the irradiance received by different ground segments and accounts for direct
diffuse
ground-reflected
and front-side reflected irradiance
ultimately obtaining cell-level rear-side irradiance. The method addresses the insufficient accuracy in rear-side irradiance calculation of bifacial modules in domestic simulation software. Comparisons of the simulation results with PVsyst and System Advison Model (SAM) show that it achieves higher calculation accuracy and provides significant reference for the engineering application of bifacial PV modules.
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