表面光滑条带分布对稀薄过渡流气动特性影响研究

李绍杰; 樊国超; 靳旭红; 邵纯; 江中正

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0141

欢迎来到能源电力期刊网！

English Version 期刊登录

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

表面光滑条带分布对稀薄过渡流气动特性影响研究

研究专栏——稀薄气体动力学理论与高效计算方法Ⅱ | 更新时间：2026-10-14

- 表面光滑条带分布对稀薄过渡流气动特性影响研究
- Effects of surface smooth-strip distribution on aerodynamic characteristics in rarefied transition flow
- 空气动力学学报 2026年44卷第8期页码：127-139
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 杭州电子科技大学机械工程学院,杭州,310018
  2. 中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京,100074
  3. 浙江大学航空航天学院,杭州,310027
- 作者简介：
  
  樊国超*，讲师，研究方向：稀薄气体动力学. E-mail：gcfan@hdu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  浙江省属高校基本科研业务费（GK259909299001-401）;空气动力学实验室稳定支持开放基金（800009000199C1652454，80000900019910072348）;浙江省自然科学基金（LQN25A020003）;国家数值风洞工程（NNW）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0141
  中图分类号： V211.3;O356
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李绍杰, 樊国超, 靳旭红, 等. 表面光滑条带分布对稀薄过渡流气动特性影响研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(8): 127−139.

Li Shaojie, Fan Guochao, Jin Xuhong, et al. Effects of surface smooth-strip distribution on aerodynamic characteristics in rarefied transition flow[J]. 2026, 44(8): 127-139.
李绍杰, 樊国超, 靳旭红, 等. 表面光滑条带分布对稀薄过渡流气动特性影响研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(8): 127−139. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0141

Li Shaojie, Fan Guochao, Jin Xuhong, et al. Effects of surface smooth-strip distribution on aerodynamic characteristics in rarefied transition flow[J]. 2026, 44(8): 127-139. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0141.

摘要

表面粗糙度对高速飞行器气动力热特性有重要影响，降低表面粗糙度是减阻降热的有效途径之一。为在有限加工面积约束下最大化抛光区域的减阻降热收益，本文采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法对表面具有分布式光滑条带的平板与钝锥两类外形开展过渡流区氮气来流的数值模拟。通过分子动力学模拟获取理想光滑表面的适应系数，并以完全漫反射模型表征常规粗糙区域，由此构建空间非均匀适应系数边界条件，分别对应不同粗糙度尺度的上下限，从而探究表面粗糙度空间分布对飞行器气动特性的影响机理。结果表明：光滑条带可导致飞行器表面边界层流动重新发展，进而在光滑/粗糙表面过渡区域产生摩阻与热流的损失或突跃现象。对于飞行器端头、前缘等摩阻上升的小尺度区域，应在当地中部区域布置多个连续或间隔分布的光滑条带，以充分利用过渡区域的摩阻与热流损失；对于飞行器身部等摩阻热流下降的大面积区域，若当地流动攻角较大，应将光滑条带连续布置于飞行器后部，以尽量避免过渡区域的摩阻与热流突跃；反之，若当地流动攻角较小，则应将光滑条带连续布置于飞行器前部。本研究可为高速飞行器表面抛光区域的空间布局设计提供理论依据和数值参考。

Abstract

Surface roughness significantly affects the aerodynamic and thermal characteristics of high-speed vehicles

and reducing surface roughness is an effective approach for drag reduction and thermal protection. To maximize the drag and heat flux reduction benefits of smooth areas under the constraint of limited surface treatment area

the direct simulation Monte Carlo method was employed to simulate the transition flow regime for two typical geometries: a plate and a blunted cone with distributed smooth strips. The accommodation coefficient of the smooth surface was obtained via molecular dynamics simulations

while the completely diffuse reflection model was used to represent the conventional rough regions. In this manner

the surface characteristics corresponding to the lower and upper bounds of roughness were characterized

and spatially nonuniform accommodation-coefficient boundary conditions were established to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of the spatial distribution of surface roughness on the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle. The results show that smooth strips can induce the redevelopment of the boundary-layer flow over the vehicle surface

resulting in friction and heat-flux losses or abrupt changes in the transition regions between smooth and rough surfaces. For small regions

such as the vehicle nose and leading edge

where skin friction increases

multiple continuous or discrete smooth strips should be distributed in the central part of the local region to fully exploit the friction and heat-flux losses associated with the transition regions. For large regions

such as the vehicle body

where skin friction and heat flux decrease

the smooth strips should be arranged continuously in the downstream part of the local region when the local flow angle of attack is relatively large

thereby minimizing abrupt changes in friction and heat flux across the transition regions. Conversely

when the local flow angle of attack is relatively small

the smooth strips should be arranged continuously in the upstream part of the local region. This study provides a theoretical basis and numerical reference for the spatial layout design of polished regions on high-speed vehicle surfaces.

关键词

Keywords

references

Zhu Guangsheng, Yao Shiyong, Duan Yi. Research progress and engineering application of flow control technology for drag and heat reduction of high-speed vehicles[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(15): 1−16 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29049

Zhang Shuai, Guo Jian, Dai Wuye. Investigation on drag and heat flux reduction induced by a novel combinational spike and channel concept for high speed vehicles[J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2023, 38(12): 3063−3072(in Chinese). doi: 10.13224/j.cnki.jasp.20220199

Daneshmand S, Dehghani A R, Aghanajafi C. Investigation of surface roughness on aerodynamics properties[J]. Journal of Aircraft, 2007, 44(5): 1630−1634. doi: 10.2514/1.28030

Hollis B R. Distributed sand-grain roughness effects on blunt body hypersonic transition and heating[C]//Proc of the AIAA SCITECH 2024 Forum, Orlando, FL. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 2024: 0224. doi: 10.2514/6.2024-0224

Cao B Y, Chen M, Guo Z Y. Effect of surface roughness on gas flow in microchannels by molecular dynamics simulation[J]. International Journal of Engineering Science, 2006, 44(13-14): 927−937. doi: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2006.06.005

Liu Yanting, Ou Jihui, Han Yufeng, et al. Effects of rectangular micro-scale structures on hypersonic rarefied shear flow[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(16): 65−84(in Chinese). doi: 10.7527/S10006893.2022.27956

Zhang Ye, Zhang Ran, Chang Qing, et al. Surface effects on Couette gas flows in nanochannels[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(12): 163−173(in Chinese). doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190248

Jin Xuhong, Huang Fei, Cheng Xiaoli, et al. Effect of Maxwell gas-surface interaction models on flow characteristics and thermodynamic properties of rarefied hypersonic cavity flows[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(3): 162−172(in Chinese). doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24118

Miao Q, Li L Q, Yu X, et al. Molecular dynamics insights into reflected gas behavior in rarefied flows: Effects of gas-surface interaction strength and surface conditions[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2025, 71: 106884. doi: 10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106884

Kammara K K, Kumar R, Singh A K, et al. Systematic direct simulation Monte Carlo approach to characterize the effects of surface roughness on accommodation coefficients[J]. Physical Review Fluids, 2019, 4(12): 123401. doi: 10.1103/physrevfluids.4.123401

Han Quan, Xia Haitao, Chang Wengang, et al. Research progress on gas-surface interaction accommodation coefficients in rarefied gas flows[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2025, 57(12): 2886−2913(in Chinese). doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-25-339

Tian Peng, Li Guangli, Cui Kai, et al. Aerodynamic characteristics of high-pressure capturing wing configuration in multi-regime[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2021, 39(3): 11−20 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0144

Huang Fei, Zhao Bo, Cheng Xiaoli, et al. Numerical investigation of aerodynamics on low earth orbit satellite[J]. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 2015, 35(1): 69−76 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11728/cjss2015.01.069

Jin X H, Cheng X L, Wang B, Huang F. Predict aerodynamic drag of spacecraft in very low earth orbit using different gas-surface interaction models[J]. Aerospace China, 2021, 22(4): 35−41. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0940.2021.04.005

Shen Qing, Huang Fei, Cheng Xiaoli, et al. On characteristics of upper atmosphere aerodynamics of flying vehicles[J]. Physics of Gases, 2021, 6(1): 1−9 (in Chinese). doi: 10.19527/j.cnki.2096-1642.0900

Jiang Y F, Zhang J, Tian P, et al. Aerodynamic drag analysis and reduction strategy for satellites in Very Low Earth Orbit[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2023, 132: 108077. doi: 10.1016/j.ast.2022.108077

Zhang Jun, Jiang Yifan, Chen Song, et al. Overview of aerodynamic drag calculation and reduction design for very low Earth orbit satellites[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(21): 153−174(in Chinese). doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29796

Xie M Q, Xue Y T, Yang Y X, et al. Comparative assessment of aerodynamic performance for very low earth orbit satellites[C]//Proc of the 2024 10th Asia Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Aerospace Engineering (MEAE), Taichang, China. IEEE, 2025: 1435-1439. doi: 10.1109/MEAE62008.2024.11026551

Bird G A. Molecular gas dynamics and the direct simulation of gas flows[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Bird G. Application of the direct simulation Monte Carlo method to the full shuttle geometry[C]// 5th Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference, Seattle, WA. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 1990: 1692. doi: 10.2514/6.1990-1692

Plimpton S J, Moore S G, Borner A, et al. Direct simulation Monte Carlo on petaflop supercomputers and beyond[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2019, 31(8): 086101. doi: 10.1063/1.5108534

Maxwell J C. On stresses in rarefied gases arising from inequalities of temperature[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1878, 27(185-189): 304−308. doi: 10.1098/rspl.1878.0052

Lord R G. Some extensions to the Cercignani–Lampis gas–surface scattering kernel[J]. Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics, 1991, 3(4): 706−710. doi: 10.1063/1.858076

Deng J C, Zhang J, Liang T F, et al. A modified Cercignani–Lampis model with independent momentum and thermal accommodation coefficients for gas molecules scattering on surfaces[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2022, 34(10): 107108. doi: 10.1063/5.0117612

Fan Guochao, Ouyang Qiao, Jin Xiao, et al. An approximate theoretical method for determining key energy parameters in the modified cll model[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2026, 58(5): 1171−1183(in Chinese). doi: 10.6052/0459-1879-25-531

Zhang Ye, Zhang Ran, Lai Jianqi, et al. Effect of macroscopic velocity on accommodation coefficients based on the molecular dynamics method[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(22): 341−350(in Chinese). doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20190987

Ozawa T, Suzuki T, Fujita K. Rarefied aerodynamic measurements in hypersonic rarefied wind tunnel[C]//Proc of the AIP Conference Proceedings, Xi’an, China. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014: 1284-1291. doi: 10.1063/1.4902739

Arkilic E B, Breuer K S, Schmidt M A. Mass flow and tangential momentum accommodation in silicon micromachined channels[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2001, 437: 29−43. doi: 10.1017/s0022112001004128

Lengrand J C, Allegre J, Chpoun A, et al. Rarefied hypersonic flow over a sharp flat plate: numerical and experimental results[J]. Progress in astronautics and aeronautics, 1994, 160: 276−276. doi: 10.2514/5.9781600866326.0276.0284

Holden M S. Experimental database from CUBRC studies in hypersonic laminar and turbulent interacting flows including flowfield chemistry[R]. Calspan-University at Buffalo Research Center, 2000: 105-114.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

跨流域流动统一随机粒子USP方法的高性能计算

高速飞行器气动推进一体化性能参数化分析

粗糙度对水滴飞溅特性的影响规律研究

航天飞行器热防护模拟感应耦合等离子加热器研究进展

直升机/加油机耦合流场数值模拟