深空探测器进入行星大气面临的极高速流动与传热基础科学问题

唐志共; 张志刚; 粟斯尧; 杨强; 胡华雨; 党雷宁; 罗仕超

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0001

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深空探测器进入行星大气面临的极高速流动与传热基础科学问题

研究综述 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 深空探测器进入行星大气面临的极高速流动与传热基础科学问题
- Fundamental scientific issues of ultra-high-speed flow and heat transfer during planetary atmospheric entry
- 空气动力学学报 2026年44卷第1期页码：1-5
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳,621000
  2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,绵阳,621000
  3. 哈尔滨工业大学特种环境复合材料技术国家级重点实验室,哈尔滨,150001
- 作者简介：
  
  唐志共（1965—），男，研究员，研究方向：高速空气动力学研究与应用. E-mail：tangzhigong@126.com
  张志刚*，正高级工程师，研究方向：高速气动热与热防护. E-mail：zzghuiyi@163.com
  粟斯尧*，高级工程师，研究方向：高速气动热与热防护. E-mail：su_siyao@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金重大研究计划（92587001）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0001
  中图分类号： V211.3
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
唐志共, 张志刚, 粟斯尧, 等. 深空探测器进入行星大气面临的极高速流动与传热基础科学问题[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(1): 1−5.

Tang Zhigong, Zhang Zhigang, Su Siyao, et al. Fundamental scientific issues of ultra-high-speed flow and heat transfer during planetary atmospheric entry[J]. 2026, 44(1): 1-5.
唐志共, 张志刚, 粟斯尧, 等. 深空探测器进入行星大气面临的极高速流动与传热基础科学问题[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(1): 1−5. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0001

Tang Zhigong, Zhang Zhigang, Su Siyao, et al. Fundamental scientific issues of ultra-high-speed flow and heat transfer during planetary atmospheric entry[J]. 2026, 44(1): 1-5. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2026.0001.

摘要

火星采样、载人登月、木星系探测等深空探测任务中，探测器将以超行星第一宇宙速度进入地外行星大气或返回地球大气，系统能量大幅增加，出现伴随超高温物理化学反应的极高速流动与传热现象，其中涉及微观物理化学反应与宏观流动、流固界面传热传质，以及防热材料内部热力响应等不同时空尺度过程的复杂相互作用。如何准确描述预示这样一个多相态、多尺度、多过程强耦合的极端流动与传热系统，从而支撑探测器精细化设计，以实现动能高效耗散与热量有效隔绝，对流体力学及相关学科提出了严峻挑战。本文聚焦深空探测器进入行星大气过程中的极高速流动与传热问题，探讨梳理了极高速流动、强辐射传热、超高温物理化学反应3个方面的基础科学问题，并对我国未来该领域研究进行了展望。

Abstract

In future deep space exploration missions such as Mars sampling

manned landing on the moon

Jupiter system exploration

as the entry speed of the probe far exceeds the first cosmic velocity of the target planet

the system energy increases significantly. This leads to extreme flow and heat transfer phenomena accompanied by ultra-high temperature physical and chemical reactions

involving complex interactions between microscopic physical and chemical reactions and macroscopic flows

heat and mass transfer at the fluid-solid interface

and internal thermodynamic response of thermal protection materials. How to accurately predict such an extreme flow and heat transfer system with multi-phase

multi-scale

multi-process and strong coupling characteristics

so as to support the precise design of the probe for efficient kinetic energy dissipation and effective heat isolation

poses a severe challenge to fluid mechanics and related disciplines. This paper focuses on the extreme flow and heat transfer during planetary atmospheric entry

discusses and sorts out the key scientific problems in three aspects: ultra-high-speed flow

intense radiation heat transfer and ultra-high-temperature physical and chemical reactions

and prospects future research in this field.

关键词

Keywords

references

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