基于LBM-IBM的流固耦合高效数值框架与应用

许平煜; 周庆春; 罗梓锋; 彭泽瑞

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0245

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基于LBM-IBM的流固耦合高效数值框架与应用

研究专栏——开源软件数值模拟 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 基于LBM-IBM的流固耦合高效数值框架与应用
- An efficient numerical framework for fluid-structure interaction based on the LBM-IBM method and its applications
- 空气动力学学报 2026年44卷第3期页码：132-144
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华中科技大学航天航空学院工程力学系,武汉,430074
  2. 湖北省工程结构分析与安全评价重点实验室,武汉,430074
- 作者简介：
  
  许平煜（2003—），博士研究生，研究方向：流固耦合数值模拟. E-mail：d202580941@hust.edu.cn
  彭泽瑞*，副教授，研究方向：仿生流体力学、流固耦合. E-mail：zeruipeng@hust.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金 (U22A20206, 12372241);湖北省自然科学基金（2022CFB131）;国家重点研发计划（2025YFF0513004）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0245
  中图分类号： V233.1;V211.3
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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许平煜, 周庆春, 罗梓锋, 等. 基于LBM-IBM的流固耦合高效数值框架与应用[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(3): 132−144.

Xu Pingyu, Zhou Qingchun, Luo Zifeng, et al. An efficient numerical framework for fluid-structure interaction based on the LBM-IBM method and its applications[J]. 2026, 44(3): 132-144.
许平煜, 周庆春, 罗梓锋, 等. 基于LBM-IBM的流固耦合高效数值框架与应用[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(3): 132−144. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0245

Xu Pingyu, Zhou Qingchun, Luo Zifeng, et al. An efficient numerical framework for fluid-structure interaction based on the LBM-IBM method and its applications[J]. 2026, 44(3): 132-144. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0245.

摘要

针对传统贴体网格方法在处理复杂流固耦合问题时存在的网格生成困难、计算效率低和稳健性不足等瓶颈，本文构建了一种基于格子玻尔兹曼-浸入边界方法（lattice Boltzmann-immersed boundary method

LB-IBM）的高效流固耦合数值求解框架。该框架采用LBM求解不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程，基于有限差分方法求解柔性体结构动力学方程，并结合四阶混合线性多步格式处理刚体振动方程，通过罚函数形式的浸入边界法实现流体与结构的耦合求解，在刚体涡激振动算例中振幅预测误差控制在5%以内。此外，本框架融合了多块网格加密技术以及MPI/OpenMP混合并行技术以支持大规模高效计算，典型算例表明网格量减少约40%，且斯特劳哈尔数、阻力系数等关键参数的误差均保持在5%以下。最后，通过钝体绕流、流致振动以及仿生蜻蜓扑翼等典型算例进行了验证和应用。结果表明，本文提出的计算框架避免了传统贴体网格方法的局限性，适用于具有复杂几何外形、大位移、大变形或多体运动等特征的流固耦合问题的数值模拟，具有良好的计算效率、可靠性和稳健性。

Abstract

To address the limitations of conventional body-fitted grid methods—such as difficulties in mesh generation

low computational efficiency

and poor robustness in complex fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations—this paper develops an efficient numerical framework based on the lattice Boltzmann-immersed boundary method (LB-IBM). In this framework

the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is employed to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

the finite difference method (FDM) is used to discretize the structural dynamics of flexible bodies

and a fourth-order hybrid linear multi-step scheme is adopted to handle rigid-body vibrations. Fluid-structure coupling is achieved through a penalty-based immersed boundary method (IBM)

with the amplitude prediction error controlled within 5% in rigid-body vortex-induced vibration cases. Additionally

the framework integrates multi-block grid refinement and hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallel computing to support large-scale high-efficiency simulations. Typical benchmark tests show that the mesh count is reduced by approximately 40%

while the errors in key parameters such as the Strouhal number and drag coefficient remain below 5%. The framework is validated and applied through representative cases

including bluff body flows

flow-induced vibrations

and bio-inspired dragonfly flapping. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively overcomes the limitations of conventional body-fitted methods

exhibiting good computational efficiency

reliability

and robustness in simulating FSI problems characterized by complex geometries

large displacements

large deformations

or multi-body motions.

关键词

Keywords

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