基于曲率涡度诊断的涡旋演化与水体交换机制研究

陈莹; 刘志强; 蔡忠亚; 崔凌波

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0093

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基于曲率涡度诊断的涡旋演化与水体交换机制研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-10-14

- 基于曲率涡度诊断的涡旋演化与水体交换机制研究
- Eddy evolution and water exchange mechanisms based on curvature vorticity diagnostics
- 空气动力学学报 2026年44卷第8期页码：70-77
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 澳门大学科技学院,澳门,999078
  2. 南方科技大学工学院,深圳,518000
- 作者简介：
  
  蔡忠亚*，副研究员，研究方向：海洋动力学. E-mail：zycai@um.edu.mo
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（42376024，42276004）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0093
  中图分类号： P731.26;O352
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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陈莹, 刘志强, 蔡忠亚, 等. 基于曲率涡度诊断的涡旋演化与水体交换机制研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(8): 70−77.

Chen Ying, Liu Zhiqiang, Cai Zhongya, et al. Eddy evolution and water exchange mechanisms based on curvature vorticity diagnostics[J]. 2026, 44(8): 70-77.
陈莹, 刘志强, 蔡忠亚, 等. 基于曲率涡度诊断的涡旋演化与水体交换机制研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(8): 70−77. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0093

Chen Ying, Liu Zhiqiang, Cai Zhongya, et al. Eddy evolution and water exchange mechanisms based on curvature vorticity diagnostics[J]. 2026, 44(8): 70-77. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0093.

摘要

中尺度涡旋在海洋动力与物质输运过程中扮演核心角色，其旋转结构对水体的交换和输运具有重要调控作用。本文基于高分辨率数值模拟，结合曲率涡度动力诊断，分析了气旋式与反气旋式涡旋的动力演化过程及其对水体交换的影响。结果显示，涡旋在表层形成稳定的闭合流场，可有效“捕获”水体，显著延长其暴露时间，并表现出强烈的垂向依赖性，暴露时间和空间分布由表层的类圆形向中、底层的集中不对称结构演化。在涡旋边界，涡旋中心Ekman抽吸与混合增强共同维持了涡旋的水体封闭性与边界交换活性。曲率涡度动力诊断显示，旋转结构影响了暴露时间的分布，但气旋式和反气旋式涡旋的动力演化过程存在明显差异。反气旋式涡旋的形成初期由倾斜项主导，稳定阶段转为由拉伸项维持；而气旋式涡旋更早进入不稳定阶段，其发展主要受输送项与涡管拉伸控制。

Abstract

Mesoscale eddies play a central role in ocean dynamics and material transport

with their rotational structures exerting significant regulatory effects on water exchange and transport processes. Based on high-resolution numerical simulations combined with curvature vorticity diagnostics

this study analyzes the dynamic evolution of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies and their influence on water exchange. The results show that eddies form stable

closed circulation structures at the surface

effectively “trapping” water masses and significantly prolonging their exposure time. Meanwhile

the distribution of exposure time exhibits strong vertical dependence

with the spatial distribution evolving from a near-circular pattern at the surface to a more concentrated and asymmetric structure in the middle and bottom layers. At the eddy periphery

central Ekman suction and enhanced mixing jointly maintain both the enclosed nature of the eddy and the exchange activity along its boundary. Curvature vorticity diagnostics reveal that while the rotational structure strongly influences the distribution of exposure time

the dynamic evolution of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies differs markedly. The early stage of anticyclonic eddy formation is dominated by the banking term

transitioning to dominance by the stretching term during the stable phase. In contrast

cyclonic eddies enter the unstable stage earlier

with their development mainly controlled by transport term and vortex stretching.

关键词

Keywords

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