全声衬低湍流度低噪声工程型风洞降噪设计技术试验研究

刘沛清; 陈阅; 茹履京; 郭昊; 梁温馨; 舒宜丰; 张奥喆; 屈秋林; 胡天翔

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0035

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全声衬低湍流度低噪声工程型风洞降噪设计技术试验研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 全声衬低湍流度低噪声工程型风洞降噪设计技术试验研究
- Experimental study of noise reduction design for a fully acoustically lined, low-turbulence, low-noise engineering wind tunnel
- 空气动力学学报 2025年43卷第8期页码：1-21
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京航空航天大学航空气动声学工信部重点实验室,北京,100191
  2. 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京,100191
  3. 北京市科奥克声学实验室,北京,100191
- 作者简介：
  
  刘沛清*（1960—），男，山西省忻州市人，研究方向：主要从事旋涡分离与控制、高速层流控制技术等. E-mail：lpq@buaa.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家大型设施资助计划
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0035
  中图分类号： TB535;V211.74
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘沛清, 陈阅, 茹履京, 等. 全声衬低湍流度低噪声工程型风洞降噪设计技术试验研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(8): 1−21.

LIU Peiqing, CHEN Yue, RU Lyujing, et al. Experimental study of noise reduction design for a fully acoustically lined, low-turbulence, low-noise engineering wind tunnel[J]. 2025, 43(8): 1-21.
刘沛清, 陈阅, 茹履京, 等. 全声衬低湍流度低噪声工程型风洞降噪设计技术试验研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(8): 1−21. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0035

LIU Peiqing, CHEN Yue, RU Lyujing, et al. Experimental study of noise reduction design for a fully acoustically lined, low-turbulence, low-noise engineering wind tunnel[J]. 2025, 43(8): 1-21. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0035.

摘要

为了提高气动声学风洞的测试精度和降低背景噪声，本文围绕北京航空航天大学4 m × 3 m低湍流度、低噪声气动声学风洞（BHAW）的降噪设计，依托D5气动声学风洞试验，系统研究了风扇段、洞体、声学导流片及集气口段等关键部段的声学处理方案。参考DNW-LLF风洞的设计经验，并结合D5风洞试验结果，BHAW风洞在保持高流场品质的同时，采用洞体全声衬声学处理方案。具体措施包括：风扇段采用微穿孔板（穿孔率2%）加600 mm厚吸声材料，抑制中低频旋转噪声；风洞流道布置200 mm厚吸声材料；第一扩散段在穿孔板外铺设透声毛毡（厚度3 mm），以降低摩擦再生噪声；4个拐角实施创新性双面声衬、中间微透气的双圆弧导流片；集气口段采用收缩角度8°的穿孔板加吸声棉，并在外表面包裹透声毛毡，以削弱冲击噪声。风洞测量结果表明：在不同风速下开口试验段模型区的湍流度为0.07%～0.095%，闭口试验段模型区湍流度为0.041%～0.046%（小于0.05%的设计指标），开口试验段湍流度约为闭口试验段的1.7～2.1倍。在开口试验段设计风速80 m/s下，风洞远场噪声级为74.0～74.4 dB(A)（小于75 dB(A)的设计指标）。与RTRI风洞相比，BHAW风洞在低频区噪声降低约7 dB，高频区噪声水平两者相当，整体声压级比RTRI低0.6～1.0 dB。

Abstract

To improve the measurement accuracy and reduce background noise in aerodynamic acoustic wind tunnels

this study focuses on the noise reduction design of the 4 m × 3 m fully acoustically lined

low-turbulence

low-noise large-scale aeroacoustic wind tunnel (BHAW) at Beihang University. It investigated noise reduction measures for the fan section

tunnel body

acoustic guide vanes

and collector section

with experimental validation conducted in the D5 aeroacoustic wind tunnel at Beihang University. Drawing on the DNW-LLF wind tunnel and findings from the D5 experiments

an acoustic treatment was developed for BHAW

ensuring minimal impact on turbulence intensity in the test section. The outer wall of the fan section was treated with micro-perforated panels and sound-absorbing foam (stainless steel micro-perforated panels with a 2% perforation rate and 600 mm thick sound-absorbing foam) to reduce fan rotational noise

particularly in the low-to-mid frequency range. Inside the tunnel

perforated panels combined with 200 mm thick sound-absorbing foam were used to attenuate mid-to-high frequency noise. To further reduce friction-induced noise in the first diffuser channel

a 3 mm thick acoustically transparent felt was applied over the perforated panels. The four corner guide vanes adopt a dual-arc configuration with double-sided acoustic treatment. In the collector section

a perforated panel with sound-absorbing foam was installed at an 8° contraction angle. Additionally

the exterior of the collector was wrapped with acoustically transparent felt to mitigate airflow impact noise. Wind tunnel measurements indicated that the turbulence intensity in the model region of the open test section ranged from 0.07% to 0.095% under various flow velocities

while in the closed test section it ranged from 0.041% to 0.046% (less than 0.05% for the design specification)

meaning the turbulence intensity in the open section was approximately 1.7 to 2.1 times that of the closed section. At the design speed of 80 m/s

the far-field noise level of the open test section was measured to be between 74.0 and 74.4 dB(A) (less than 75 dB(A) for the design specification). Compared with the RTRI wind tunnel

the BHAW tunnel achieved approximately 7 dB noise reduction in the low-frequency range

exhibited comparable noise levels in the high-frequency range

and had an overall sound pressure level that was 0.6～1.0 dB lower than that of RTRI.

关键词

Keywords

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