1. 中国科学院 力学研究所,北京,100190
2. 中国科学院大学 工程科学学院,北京,100049
3. 上海交通大学 工程力学系,上海,200240
4. 中国科学院 计算机网络信息中心,北京,100190
卢敏,男,博士后,研究方向:计算流体力学. E-mail:lumin@imech.ac.cn
郭晓宇,女,副教授,研究方向:两相流. E-mail:xiaoyuguo@sjtu.edu.cn
杨子轩*,研究员,研究方向:湍流、两相流. E-mail:yangzx@imech.ac.cn
纸质出版:2025
移动端阅览
卢敏, 郭晓宇, 梁姗, 等. 破碎波激发湍流的数值模拟研究进展[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(6): 62−81.
LU Min, GUO Xiaoyu, LIANG Shan, et al. Advances in numerical simulation of turbulence excited by breaking waves[J]. 2025, 43(6): 62-81.
卢敏, 郭晓宇, 梁姗, 等. 破碎波激发湍流的数值模拟研究进展[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(6): 62−81. DOI: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0024
LU Min, GUO Xiaoyu, LIANG Shan, et al. Advances in numerical simulation of turbulence excited by breaking waves[J]. 2025, 43(6): 62-81. DOI: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0024.
波浪破碎过程伴随着大量空气卷入,会形成水、气充分混合的混相湍流,对其发展数值模拟方法与湍流封闭模型是当前研究的难点。本文综述了混相湍流的数值模拟研究进展,重点介绍了高密度比两相流模拟的数值稳定性问题和解决方案。针对传统方法在界面捕捉与动量方程求解格式不一致导致的数值不稳定性问题,近期提出的密度预估-同步法通过显式求解质量输运方程,实现了高密度比条件下的稳定计算。本文详细阐述了该方法的控制方程、时空离散格式及界面捕捉技术,并通过经典算例验证了其有效性。此外,以射流、尾流和船首波破碎为例,分析了混相湍流的流动特征,揭示了弗劳德数对湍动能和湍流质量通量的影响。在封闭模型方面,对比了代数型与动力学模型的优劣,指出动力学模型虽更具理论潜力,但需进一步解决组合项封闭问题。最后,展望了混相湍流数值模拟研究的未来研究方向,如建立标准的算例数据库和通过GPU并行优化提高计算效率等。本文研究可为混相湍流的模拟与建模提供参考。
Wave breaking is accompanied by the entrainment of air
forming mixed-phase turbulent flow with fully mixed air and water. The numerical simulation methods and closure model for mixed-phase turbulence are challenging topics in current research. This paper reviews the recent progress in numerical investigations of mixed-phase turbulence
with a focus on the numerical stability issues and solutions for high-density-ratio two-phase flow simulations. To address the numerical instability caused by the inconsistency between front-capturing and momentum equation discretization in traditional methods
the recently proposed density-prediction-synchronization method achieves stable computation under high-density-ratio conditions by explicitly solving the mass transport equation. Furthermore
the governing equations
spatiotemporal discretization schemes
and front-capturing techniques of density-prediction-synchronization method are elaborated in detail
and its effectiveness is validated through classic test cases. Additionally
taking jet flow
wake flow
and bow wave breaking as examples
the flow characteristics of mixed-phase turbulence are analyzed
revealing the dominant influence of the Froude number on turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent mass flux. Regarding closure models
the advantages and limitations of algebraic and dynamic models are compared
highlighting that while dynamic models show greater theoretical potential
further research is needed to address the closure of combined terms. This paper provides a systematic reference for the simulation and modeling of multiphase turbulence and outlines future research directions
such as establishing a standardized benchmark database and improving computational efficiency through GPU parallel optimization.
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