1. 西北工业大学 航空学院,西安,710072
2. 飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,西安,710072
孟宣市*(1976—),男,博士,教授,研究方向:分离涡、附面层转捩等复杂流动机理及流动控制,飞行器结冰机理与防/除冰方法. E-mail:mxsbear@nwpu.edu.cn
纸质出版:2025
移动端阅览
孟宣市, 鞠恩博, 俞熠. 动态失速及其实验方法与测量技术研究进展[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(7): 1−27.
MENG Xuanshi, JU Enbo, YU Yi. Research progress on dynamic stall and its experimental methods and measurement techniques[J]. 2025, 43(7): 1-27.
孟宣市, 鞠恩博, 俞熠. 动态失速及其实验方法与测量技术研究进展[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(7): 1−27. DOI: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0021
MENG Xuanshi, JU Enbo, YU Yi. Research progress on dynamic stall and its experimental methods and measurement techniques[J]. 2025, 43(7): 1-27. DOI: 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0021.
动态失速是一种复杂的非定常、非线性气动现象,广泛存在于直升机、风力机、航空压气机等旋转机械设备运行及飞机大迎角机动、编队飞行过程中。该现象涉及流动分离、剪切层失稳、动态失速涡的生成与演化等问题,并伴随显著的气动力迟滞效应和动态载荷变化,极易导致飞行器升力骤降、阻力急剧增加及颤振等问题。由于非定常转捩预测、大迎角分离以及动态失速可靠模拟等前沿空气动力学问题尚未解决,风洞实验成为揭示动态失速特性及流动机制的核心手段。本文系统综述了动态失速的基本特性与风洞实验方法,重点探讨了压力测量、转捩检测、空间流场精细结构显示与测量技术的研究进展。研究表明,高精度、高分辨率的实验测量技术对于捕捉动态失速过程中的流动特性至关重要,而误差修正技术显著提升了实验结果的可靠性。此外,未来研究需进一步加强多物理场耦合测量技术的开发,并结合智能化风洞实验与机器学习方法,全面解析动态失速的流动机制,为航空航天与风能等领域提供高效的设计优化和流动控制策略。
Dynamic stall is a nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic phenomenon prevalent in rotating machinery such as helicopters
wind turbines
and compressors
as well as in aircraft maneuvers involving high angles of attack and formation flight. This phenomenon encompasses flow separation
shear layer instability
and the formation and development of dynamic stall vortices
accompanied by pronounced aerodynamic hysteresis effects and substantial dynamic load variations. These characteristics often lead to operational challenges
including abrupt lift reduction
sharp increase in drag
and structural flutter. Since cutting-edge aerodynamic challenges including unsteady transition prediction
high angle of attack separation
and reliable dynamic stall simulation have not yet been solved
wind tunnel testing remains the primary approach for investigating dynamic stall characteristics and underlying flow mechanisms. This paper provides a systematic review of the advances in fundamental attributes of dynamic stall and wind tunnel experimental methodologies
with particular emphasis on pressure measurement techniques
transition detection methods
and high-resolution flow field visualization technologies. The findings highlight that high-precision and high-resolution experimental measurements are essential for capturing the flow characteristics during dynamic stall
while error correction techniques significantly enhance the reliability of experimental data. Furthermore
future research should prioritize the development of multi-physics coupled measurement technologies and integrate intelligent wind tunnel testing with machine learning approaches. Such advancements will enable comprehensive analysis of dynamic stall mechanisms and facilitate efficient aerodynamic design optimization and flow control strategies in aerospace and wind energy applications.
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