蝴蝶柔性扑翼前飞流固耦合特性

朱汉希; 郭承鹏; 张铁军; 张扬

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0189

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蝴蝶柔性扑翼前飞流固耦合特性

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 蝴蝶柔性扑翼前飞流固耦合特性
- Fluid-structure interaction characteristics of butterfly flexible flapping wings in the forward flight
- 空气动力学学报 2026年44卷第2期页码：81-92
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南京航空航天大学航天学院,南京,210016
  2. 中国航空工业空气动力研究院,沈阳,110034
- 作者简介：
  
  朱汉希（2001—），江苏盐城人，硕士研究生，研究方向：流固耦合，仿生飞行器设计. E-mail：zhuhanxi@nuaa.edu.cn
  张扬*，副研究员，研究方向：流固耦合. E-mail：zhy@nuaa.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  航空工业集团重点实验室基金（YL2022XFX0409）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0189
  中图分类号： V211.3;V279+.2;O355
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
朱汉希, 郭承鹏, 张铁军, 等. 蝴蝶柔性扑翼前飞流固耦合特性[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(2): 81−92.

Zhu Hanxi, Guo Chengpeng, Zhang Tiejun, et al. Fluid-structure interaction characteristics of butterfly flexible flapping wings in the forward flight[J]. 2026, 44(2): 81-92.
朱汉希, 郭承鹏, 张铁军, 等. 蝴蝶柔性扑翼前飞流固耦合特性[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2026, 44(2): 81−92. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0189

Zhu Hanxi, Guo Chengpeng, Zhang Tiejun, et al. Fluid-structure interaction characteristics of butterfly flexible flapping wings in the forward flight[J]. 2026, 44(2): 81-92. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0189.

摘要

扑翼刚度变化对昆虫前飞气动特性与结构响应具有显著影响。现有研究多聚焦于小型昆虫扑翼的流固耦合问题，而对具有大翅膀面积、低展弦比特征的蝴蝶扑翼研究稍显不足。为了研究不同柔性分布对仿蝴蝶扑翼前飞流固耦合特性的影响，本文基于真实斑凤蝶的外形和运动模式，建立了相应的几何模型与运动学方程，发展了一种基于格子玻尔兹曼方法与有限元方法的流固耦合求解方法，并通过标模算例验证了该方法的准确性。利用所发展的方法，分别比较了各向同性柔性分布、各向异性柔性分布与刚性分布的蝴蝶翅膀在扑动过程中的气动特性和结构响应差异。结果表明，各向同性柔性扑翼的飞行性能显著优于各向异性扑翼与刚性扑翼，其扑动产生的涡结构更为复杂。因翅膀柔性而产生的翼尖二次流涡和后翼翼尖涡形成了额外的低压区域，提升了柔性扑翼的飞行性能。本研究有望对扑翼飞行中涉及升力增强机制的涡动力学提供一些新的见解，从而为新型仿生微型扑翼飞行器的设计提供参考。

Abstract

The stiffness of flapping wings significantly influences the aerodynamic characteristics and structural response of insects in forward flight. While numerous studies have focused on the fluid-structure interaction of small insect wings

research on butterflies

characterized by large wing areas and low aspect ratios

remains relatively scarce. To investigate the effects of different flexibility distributions on the fluid-structure interaction characteristics of butterfly-like flapping wings in forward flight

a geometric model and kinematic equations were established based on the morphology and motion patterns of Chilasa clytia. A fluid-structure interaction solver combining the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and the finite element method (FEM) was developed and validated with benchmark cases. The developed method was then employed to systematically compare the aerodynamic performance and structural responses among isotropic flexible

anisotropic flexible

and rigid butterfly wings during flapping. The results indicate that the isotropic flexible wing exhibits significantly enhanced flight performance compared to the anisotropic and rigid wings. The flapping of the isotropic flexible wing generates more complex vortex structures

including the wingtip secondary flow vortex (WSFV) and the hindwing tip vortex (HTV). These vortices create an additional low-pressure region

thereby improving the aerodynamic performance. This study provides new insights into the vortex dynamics associated with lift enhancement mechanisms in flapping flight and offers valuable references for the design of novel bio-inspired micro flapping-wing aerial vehicles.

关键词

Keywords

references

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