考虑轮毂运动的大型风力机叶片非线性振动分析

回忆; 王琳凯; 蒋博闻

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0183

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考虑轮毂运动的大型风力机叶片非线性振动分析

研究专栏——新能源结构风工程 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 考虑轮毂运动的大型风力机叶片非线性振动分析
- Nonlinear vibration analysis of large wind turbine blades considering hub motion
- 空气动力学学报 2025年43卷第4期页码：103-117
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆,400045
  2. 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司研发中心,德阳,618000
- 作者简介：
  
  回忆*（1985—），男，内蒙古包头人，研究员，研究方向：工程结构抗风. E-mail：alihui@cqu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划（2023YFC3805201）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0183
  中图分类号： TK83
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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回忆, 王琳凯, 蒋博闻. 考虑轮毂运动的大型风力机叶片非线性振动分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(4): 103−117.

HUI Yi, WANG Linkai, JIANG Bowen. Nonlinear vibration analysis of large wind turbine blades considering hub motion[J]. 2025, 43(4): 103-117.
回忆, 王琳凯, 蒋博闻. 考虑轮毂运动的大型风力机叶片非线性振动分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(4): 103−117. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0183

HUI Yi, WANG Linkai, JIANG Bowen. Nonlinear vibration analysis of large wind turbine blades considering hub motion[J]. 2025, 43(4): 103-117. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0183.

摘要

随着风力机尺寸不断增大，其叶片长度增加，同时刚性降低，导致其变得愈发柔软，这种“长柔”特性使得叶片大幅振动问题愈发突出。非线性振动分析是准确评估叶片响应的关键，使用精确的动力学模型准确分析叶片的动力学行为尤为重要。基于Euler-Bernoulli梁连续体建模方法，以NREL 5 MW风力机叶片为研究对象，同时考虑挥舞和摆振两个方向的自由度建立了叶片的非线性动力学模型。为了更加准确地模拟叶片响应，在建模过程中考虑了两个正交方向的轮毂运动以及由此引起的惯性激励和相关的气动载荷，重点分析了轮毂运动幅值和偏航角对叶片动力学行为的影响。结果表明：旋转叶片在相同的激励幅值下，第2阶模态的峰值远高于第1、3阶模态的峰值，且带宽明显更窄；叶片的第1、2、3阶模态之间因自振频率的倍数关系会发生模态间的内共振，且模态间存在能量传递；运行状态下，叶片第1阶模态响应的振幅对偏航角最为敏感，会随着偏航角的增大而显著增大，而第2阶和第3阶模态响应的振幅则几乎不受偏航角的影响。本文通过揭示旋转叶片非线性振动与内共振特性，为大型风力机叶片的抑振设计及运行参数优化提供了关键理论依据，对提升结构安全性与经济性具有重要参考价值。

Abstract

With the continuous increase in wind turbine size

the lengthening blades exhibit reduced rigidity

leading to enhanced structural flexibility. This "long-flexible" characteristic exacerbates the issue of significant blade vibrations

and nonlinear vibration analysis plays a crucial role in accurately assessing blade responses. Establishing precise dynamic models to analyze blade behavior is of paramount importance. In this study

based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory

a nonlinear dynamic model is developed for the NREL 5 MW wind turbine blade

incorporating degrees of freedom in both flapwise and edgewise directions. To improve the accuracy of blade response prediction

the present model accounts for orthogonal hub motions

including the resulting inertial excitations and aerodynamic loads. The influence of hub motion amplitude and yaw angle on the blade's dynamic behavior is systematically analyzed. The results indicate that

under the same excitation amplitude

the peak value of the second mode is significantly higher than those of the first and third modes

with a much narrower bandwidth. Internal resonance occurs among the first

second

and third modes due to a harmonic relationship of their natural frequencies

leading to energy transfer among modes. Under operating conditions

the amplitude of the first mode response is highly sensitive to the yaw angle

increasing substantially as the yaw angle increases

while the second and third modes remain almost unaffected by the yaw angle. This study investigates the nonlinear vibrations and internal resonance characteristics of rotating blades

providing a critical theoretical basis for vibration suppression design and operational parameter optimization of large-scale wind turbine blades

offering significant insights for enhancing structural safety and economic performance.

关键词

Keywords

references

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