水下航行器围壳结构尾缘锯齿流动噪声控制与机理研究

马智豪; 李鹏; 郭航; 陈克非; 杨翊仁

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0150

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水下航行器围壳结构尾缘锯齿流动噪声控制与机理研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 水下航行器围壳结构尾缘锯齿流动噪声控制与机理研究
- Study on flow noise control and mechanism by sail trailing edge serrations of underwater vehicle
- 空气动力学学报 2025年43卷第9期页码：10-27
- 作者机构：
  
  西南交通大学力学与航空航天学院,成都,610031
- 作者简介：
  
  马智豪（1998—），男，山东日照人，博士研究生，研究方向：流固声耦合计算. E-mail：mzh_yjs@163.com
  李鹏*（1983—），男，教授，研究方向：结构动力学及流固耦合振动. E-mail：lp_vib@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（12072298，12172311）;西南交通大学博士研究生创新基金项目资助（CX-2025ZD06）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0150
  中图分类号： O427
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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马智豪, 李鹏, 郭航, 等. 水下航行器围壳结构尾缘锯齿流动噪声控制与机理研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(9): 10−27.

MA Zhihao, LI Peng, GUO Hang, et al. Study on flow noise control and mechanism by sail trailing edge serrations of underwater vehicle[J]. 2025, 43(9): 10-27.
马智豪, 李鹏, 郭航, 等. 水下航行器围壳结构尾缘锯齿流动噪声控制与机理研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(9): 10−27. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0150

MA Zhihao, LI Peng, GUO Hang, et al. Study on flow noise control and mechanism by sail trailing edge serrations of underwater vehicle[J]. 2025, 43(9): 10-27. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0150.

摘要

受猫头鹰翼后缘锯齿结构降噪特性的启发，本研究提出两种应用于水下航行器围壳尾缘的锯齿形降噪结构：三角形锯齿和铁形锯齿。研究采用大涡模拟和FW-H方程分析了锯齿对围壳周围流动特性和远场噪声特性的影响，通过构建可穿透积分面结合“消失球”方程捕捉四极子噪声。基于流场降阶方法提取声源的主要相干结构，识别流场和声源的映射关系，从而揭示了尾缘锯齿对流动噪声产生影响的物理机制。研究表明：锯齿对流动噪声具有双重影响，即偶极子和四极子噪声的耦合影响。三角形锯齿和铁形锯齿最大可降低4.32 dB和4.86 dB的总噪声，但铁形锯齿在四极子噪声源较强区域会放大总噪声。尾缘锯齿阻碍两侧水流在齿顶汇聚并产生流动分离，减少了边界层的湍流波动，从而破坏了压力脉动的垂向相干性和能量，导致偶极子噪声源被削弱。尾缘锯齿延长了围壳尾流连续涡结构，空间涡结构的畸变使Lamb矢量幅值增加，从而形成较强的四极子噪声源能量。

Abstract

Inspired by the noise reduction capability of the serration at the owl wing trailing edge

this paper proposes two serration noise reduction structures applied to the sail trailing edge of underwater vehicle

namely

the triangular serration and the iron serration. This paper investigates the effect of serration on the flow and far-field noise characteristics around the sail by using LES and FW-H equations. Quadrupole noise is captured by constructing permeable integral surface combined with “Collapsing-Sphere” equations. The main coherent structures of the sound source are extracted based on the flow field reduced order method

and mapping relationship between the flow field and the sound source is identified. Thus

this reveals the physical mechanism by which trailing edge serrations affect flow noise. The results show that serrations have a double effect on the flow noise

which is the coupled effect of dipole and quadrupole noise. The triangular serration and the iron serration can reduce the overall noise by a maximum of 4.32 dB and 4.86 dB

respectively. However

in regions where the quadrupole noise source is strong

the iron serration amplifies the total noise. The trailing edge serrations block the two sides of the flow from converging at the top and produce flow separation

reducing the turbulent fluctuations in the boundary layer. This destroys the vertical coherence and energy of the pressure pulsations

leading to the dissipation of the dipole noise source. The trailing edge serrations extend the continuous vortex structure in the sail wake stream

and the distortions in the spatial vortex structure increase the Lamb vector amplitude

resulting in a stronger quadrupole noise source energy.

关键词

Keywords

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