可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计综述

程诚; 陈隆; 张艳来; 吴江浩

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0044

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可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计综述

研究综述 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计综述
- A review of aerodynamic design for hover-capable flapping-wing micro air vehicles
- 空气动力学学报 2025年43卷第2期页码：1-26
- 作者机构：
  
  北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京,100191
- 作者简介：
  
  程诚（1995—），男，博士研究生，研究方向：仿生微型飞行器设计. E-mail：buaacc@buaa.edu.cn
  吴江浩*（1976—），男，教授/博导，研究方向：生物飞行力学，仿生微型飞行器，空气动力学. E-mail：buaawjh@buaa.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目（12072013）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0044
  中图分类号： V211.3;V279+.2
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
程诚, 陈隆, 张艳来, 等. 可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计综述[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(2): 1−26.

CHENG Cheng, CHEN Long, ZHANG Yanlai, et al. A review of aerodynamic design for hover-capable flapping-wing micro air vehicles[J]. 2025, 43(2): 1-26.
程诚, 陈隆, 张艳来, 等. 可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计综述[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(2): 1−26. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0044

CHENG Cheng, CHEN Long, ZHANG Yanlai, et al. A review of aerodynamic design for hover-capable flapping-wing micro air vehicles[J]. 2025, 43(2): 1-26. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2024.0044.

摘要

可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器以昆虫或蜂鸟为仿生对象，具有可悬停、气动效率高、隐蔽性强等特点，应用前景广阔。然而现有仿生扑翼微型飞行器的气动力和气动效率与生物对象仍有较大差距，影响了续航和负载能力，限制了其实际应用场景。本文综述了可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器的研究现状、气动分析方法、生物高升力机理及其应用，重点梳理了实现扑翼高升力、高气动效率、低噪声等的关键设计方案，并分析了这些设计参数对飞行器性能的影响规律。最后，展望了可悬停仿生扑翼微型飞行器气动设计的未来发展方向，为后续研究提供参考和借鉴。

Abstract

Hover-capable flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs)

inspired by insects or hummingbirds

exhibit remarkable flight characteristics such as hovering capability

high aerodynamic efficiency at low Reynolds numbers

and strong stealthiness

offering diverse potential applications in disaster rescue

emergency response

and environmental monitoring. However

the aerodynamic forces and efficiency of their flapping wings still lag considerably behind those of their biological counterparts

adversely affecting the endurance and payload capacity of FWMAVs and significantly limiting their practical applications. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of hover-capable FWMAVs

with a focus on current research progress

theoretical and experimental methods for aerodynamic analysis

the high-lift mechanisms of insects and their applications in FWMAVs

as well as aerodynamic design methods and performance evaluation of flapping wings. The review highlights key design parameters for achieving high lift

high aerodynamic efficiency

and low noise

and elucidates the impact of these parameters on the performance of FWMAVs. Finally

future trends in aerodynamic design for hover-capable FWMAVs are discussed

offering valuable guidance for future research in this field.

关键词

Keywords

references

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