均匀气流中水滴变形过程的数值模拟

边庆勇; 朱程香; 谢文龙; 赵宁; 朱春玲

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0225

欢迎来到能源电力期刊网！

English Version 期刊登录

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

均匀气流中水滴变形过程的数值模拟

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 均匀气流中水滴变形过程的数值模拟
- Numerical simulation of droplet deformation in uniform airflow
- 空气动力学学报 2024年42卷第12期页码：64-77
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京,210016
  2. 南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京,210016
- 作者简介：
  
  边庆勇（1993—），男，江苏南京人，博士研究生，研究方向：飞机结冰数值模拟. E-mail：bianqingyong@nuaa.edu.cn
  朱春玲*，教授，研究方向：飞机结冰数值模拟. E-mail：clzhu@nuaa.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（12227802，11832012）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0225
  中图分类号： V211.3
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
边庆勇, 朱程香, 谢文龙, 等. 均匀气流中水滴变形过程的数值模拟[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(12): 64−77.

BIAN Qingyong, ZHU Chengxiang, XIE Wenlong, et al. Numerical simulation of droplet deformation in uniform airflow[J]. 2024, 42(12): 64-77.
边庆勇, 朱程香, 谢文龙, 等. 均匀气流中水滴变形过程的数值模拟[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(12): 64−77. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0225

BIAN Qingyong, ZHU Chengxiang, XIE Wenlong, et al. Numerical simulation of droplet deformation in uniform airflow[J]. 2024, 42(12): 64-77. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0225.

摘要

飞机在结冰环境下飞行将会遇到过冷水滴，水滴与气流的相互作用会使水滴变形，运动轨迹发生改变。针对水滴在均匀气流中运动变形过程，采用相场方法捕捉水滴形态变化，结合格子玻尔兹曼通量求解器计算水滴‒空气两相流流场，比较了不同

数和

数、不同环境温度下的水滴形态变化及水滴运动加速过程，分析了水滴后缘流动发展特征及水滴变形过程的动力学行为规律；提出了水滴在气流中的运动阻力模型，进行了水滴撞击特性计算，并与实验结果进行对比，验证了水滴阻力模型的准确性。研究发现：水滴在气流中的变形具有轴向压缩与径向压缩交替进行的特征，轴向压缩过程中的水滴最大纵横比随时间逐渐减小；水滴临近破碎时，边缘较厚，中心逐渐变薄，直至破碎；低温环境温度影响水滴变形幅度，但对于水滴运动过程的影响较小。本文建立的水滴阻力模型可实现更准确的水滴撞击特性计算，为后续飞机结冰计算提供准确输入。

Abstract

Aircraft flying in icing conditions will encounter supercooled water droplets. These droplets can deform due to the interaction with the airflow

leading to the change of the droplet trajectory. The phase field method is applied to capture the droplet morphology during the droplet deformation and movement in a uniform airflow. Combined with the lattice Boltzmann flux solver

the flow field of the droplet-air two-phase flow is simulated. Time evolutions of the droplet aspect ratio and the accelerations under different We numbers

Oh numbers

and ambient temperatures are compared. Flow development in the wake region of the droplet is analyzed

and the dynamic behavior of the water droplet in the deformation process is revealed. A drag model of the droplet in the airflow is proposed

and the droplet impact characteristics are simulated and compared with experimental data to validate the accuracy of the drag model. It is found that

the droplet has the characteristics of alternating axial compression and radial compression

and the maximum aspect ratio in each axial compression decreases with time. When the water droplet is close to breakup

the edge is thicker while the center gradually becomes thinner until the breakup. Low ambient temperature affects the droplet deformation amplitude but has little effect on the movement of the droplet. Moreover

the proposed droplet drag model can achieve higher accuracy for the droplet impact characteristics calculation

which can provide a more accurate input condition for subsequent aircraft icing prediction.

关键词

Keywords

references

CAO Y H, TAN W Y, WU Z L . Aircraft icing: an ongoing threat to aviation safety[J ] . Aerospace Science and Technology, 2018 , 75 : 353 − 385 .

CAO Y H, XIN M . Numerical simulation of supercooled large droplet icing phenomenon: a review[J ] . Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, 2020 , 27 ( 4 ): 1231 − 1265 .

KULKARNI V, SOJKA P E . Bag breakup of low viscosity drops in the presence of a continuous air jet[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 2014 , 26 ( 7 ): 072103 .

GARCÍA-MAGARIÑO A, SOR S, VELAZQUEZ A . Experimental characterization of water droplet deformation and breakup in the vicinity of a moving airfoil[J ] . Aerospace Science and Technology, 2015 , 45 : 490 − 500 .

SONI S K, KIRAR P K, KOLHE P, et al . Deformation and breakup of droplets in an oblique continuous air stream[J ] . International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2020 , 122 : 103141 .

JALAAL M, MEHRAVARAN K . Fragmentation of falling liquid droplets in bag breakup mode[J ] . International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2012 , 47 : 115 − 132 .

JALAAL M, MEHRAVARAN K . Transient growth of droplet instabilities in a stream[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 2014 , 26 ( 1 ): 012101 .

KÉKESI T, AMBERG G, PRAHL WITTBERG L . Drop deformation and breakup[J ] . International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2014 , 66 : 1 − 10 .

AALBURG C, VAN LEER B, FAETH G M . Deformation and drag properties of round drops subjected to shock-wave disturbances[J ] . AIAA Journal, 2003 , 41 ( 12 ): 2371 − 2378 .

NI M J, KOMORI S, MORLEY N B . Direct simulation of falling droplet in a closed channel[J ] . International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2006 , 49 ( 1-2 ): 366 − 376 .

HAN J, TRYGGVASON G . Secondary breakup of axisymmetric liquid drops. I. Acceleration by a constant body force[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 1999 , 11 ( 12 ): 3650 − 3667 .

HAN J, TRYGGVASON G . Secondary breakup of axisymmetric liquid drops. II. Impulsive acceleration[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 2001 , 13 ( 6 ): 1554 − 1565 .

JAIN M, PRAKASH R S, TOMAR G, et al. Secondary breakup of a drop at moderate Weber numbers[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2015, 471(2177): 20140930. DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2014.0930

STROTOS G, MALGARINOS I, NIKOLOPOULOS N, et al . Predicting droplet deformation and breakup for moderate Weber numbers[J ] . International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2016 , 85 : 96 − 109 .

YANG W, JIA M, CHE Z Z, et al . Transitions of deformation to bag breakup and bag to bag-stamen breakup for droplets subjected to a continuous gas flow[J ] . International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017 , 111 : 884 − 894 .

YANG W, JIA M, SUN K, et al . Investigation on transitions of deformation-bag-multimode breakup for liquid droplets[J ] . Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017 , 38 ( 02 ): 416 − 420 . (in Chinese)

LIANG C, FEIGL K A, TANNER F X, et al . Thre e-dimensional simulations of drop deformation and breakup in air flow and comparisons with experimental observations[J ] . Atomization and Sprays, 2018 , 28 ( 7 ): 621 − 641 .

XIAO F, WANG Z G, SUN M B, et al . Simulation of drop deformation and breakup in supersonic flow[J ] . Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2017 , 36 ( 2 ): 2417 − 2424 .

LIU N, WANG Z G, SUN M B, et al . Numerical simulation of liquid droplet breakup in supersonic flows[J ] . Acta Astronautica, 2018 , 145 : 116 − 130 .

YANG W, JIA M, SUN K, et al . Influence of density ratio on the secondary atomization of liquid droplets under highly unstable conditions[J ] . Fuel, 2016 , 174 : 25 − 35 .

MARCOTTE F, ZALESKI S . Density contrast matters for drop fragmentation thresholds at low Ohnesorge number[J ] . Physical Review Fluids, 2019 , 4 ( 10 ): 103604 .

JAIN S S, TYAGI N, PRAKASH R S, et al . Secondary breakup of drops at moderate Weber numbers: effect of Density ratio and Reynolds number[J ] . International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2019 , 117 : 25 − 41 .

XIAO F, DIANAT M, MCGUIRK J J . A robust interface method for drop formation and breakup simulation at high density ratio using an extrapolated liquid velocity[J ] . Computers Fluids, 2016 , 136 : 402 − 420 .

CHU G D, QIAN L J, ZHONG X K, et al . A numerical investigation on droplet bag breakup behavior of polymer solution[J ] . Polymers, 2020 , 12 ( 10 ): 2172 .

SHAO C X, LUO K, FAN J R . Detailed numerical simulation of unsteady drag coefficient of deformable droplet[J ] . Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017 , 308 : 619 − 631 .

WANG Y, SHU C, YANG L M . An improved multiphase lattice Boltzmann flux solver for three-dimensional flows with large density ratio and high Reynolds number[J ] . Journal of Computational Physics, 2015 , 302 : 41 − 58 .

LI W, WANG J X, ZHU C L, et al . Deformation and acceleration of water droplet in continuous airflow[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 2022 , 34 ( 3 ): 033313 .

YANG L M, SHU C, YU Y, et al . A mass-conserved fractional step axisymmetric lattice Boltzmann flux solver for incompressible multiphase flows with large density ratio[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 2020 , 32 ( 10 ): 103308 .

LIU X D, OSHER S, CHAN T . Weighted essentially non-oscillatory schemes[J ] . Journal of Computational Physics, 1994 , 115 ( 1 ): 200 − 212 .

BIAN Q Y, ZHU C X, WANG J X, et al . Numerical investigation on the characteristics of single droplet deformation in the airflow at different temperatures[J ] . Physics of Fluids, 2022 , 34 ( 7 ): 073307 .

SHU C W, OSHER S . Efficient implementation of essentially non-oscillatory shock-capturing schemes[J ] . Journal of Computational Physics, 1988 , 77 ( 2 ): 439 − 471 .

LIANG C, FEIGL K A, TANNER F X . Axisymmetric simulations of drop deformation and breakup for validation of a modified Taylor analogy breakup model[J ] . Atomization and Sprays, 2017 , 27 ( 5 ): 439 − 455 .

RIMBERT N, CASTRILLON ESCOBAR S, MEIGNEN R, et al . Spheroidal droplet deformation, oscillation and breakup in uniform outer flow[J ] . Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2020 , 904 : A15 .

ZHANG X, LIU X, WU X M, et al . Impacting-freezing dynamics of a supercooled water droplet on a cold surface: Rebound and adhesion[J ] . International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2020 , 158 : 119997 .

CLIFT R, GRACE J R, WEBER M E. Bubbles, drops, and particles[M]. New York: Academic Press, 1978.

WANG C, CHANG S, LENG M, et al . A two-dimensional splashing model for investigating impingement characteristics of supercooled large droplets[J ] . International Journal of Multiphase F low, 2016 , 80 : 131 − 149 .

PAPADAKIS M, RACHMAN A, WONG S C, et al. Water impingement experiments on a NACA 23012 airfoil with simulated glaze ice shapes[C]// 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nevada. Reston, Virginia: AIAA, 2004: AIAA 2004-565. doi: 10.2514/6.2004-565

PAPADAKIS M, RACHMAN A, WONG S C, et al. Water droplet impingement on simulated glaze, mixed, and rime ice accretions, E-15277[R]. Washington, D. C. : NASA, 2007.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

结冰风洞试验混合相似转换方法及其验证

关键区域优化对高速列车横风气动特性影响

考虑近距离海洋下垫面影响的对称风机翼型静气动特性

高速斜板液膜冷却的数值模拟研究

多种SST湍流模型对典型分离流动的预测性能