低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究

李中华; 陈爱国; 杨彦广; 李志辉; 粟斯尧

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149

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低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-07-27

- 低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究
- Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature
- 空气动力学学报 2024年42卷第11期页码：55-62
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,绵阳,621000
  2. 飞行器流体物理全国重点实验室,绵阳,621000
  3. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳,621000
  4. 国家计算流体力学实验室,北京,100191
- 作者简介：
  
  李中华（1970—），男，河南上蔡人，正高级工程师，研究方向：稀薄气体动力学. E-mail：lzhzcb@aliyun.com
  李志辉*，研究员，研究方向：稀薄气体动力学. E-mail：zhli0097@x263.net
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149
  中图分类号： V211.3
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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李中华, 陈爱国, 杨彦广, 等. 低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(11): 55−62.

LI Zhonghua, CHEN Aiguo, YANG Yanguang, et al. Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature[J]. 2024, 42(11): 55-62.
李中华, 陈爱国, 杨彦广, 等. 低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(11): 55−62. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149

LI Zhonghua, CHEN Aiguo, YANG Yanguang, et al. Numerical study of vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature[J]. 2024, 42(11): 55-62. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0149.

摘要

在高速低密度风洞喷管流动中，振动温度出现冻结，与平动温度和转动温度产生了严重的非平衡现象。相关数值模拟结果中，振动温度完全冻结，而试验结果明显低于计算结果。为合理解释此现象，对数值模拟方法在低温条件下的应用进行分析，基于直接模拟蒙特卡罗（direct simulation Monte Carlo

DSMC）方法中热力学非平衡模拟技术，对振动松弛碰撞数进行修正，给出了修正系数1×10

–7

，建立了低温振动非平衡流动数值模拟方法。利用该方法对低密度风洞M16喷管流场和10 N姿控发动机羽流流场开展数值模拟，得到了与试验结果相符合的振动温度。研究表明：在低温条件下，由于振动松弛碰撞数很大，气体分子很难发生振动松弛碰撞，振动能不能向平动能转化，振动温度完全冻结；通过修正，降低振动松弛碰撞数，增加振动松弛碰撞的概率，可以降低振动冻结温度，使得数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合。

Abstract

In hypersonic low density nozzle flow

the vibrational temperature is frozen

causing serious non-equilibrium relative to the translational and rotational temperatures. In related numerical simulations

the vibrational temperature is completely frozen

but the experimental data is obviously lower than the simulation result. To address this issue

analyses have been performed on the numerical method in the applications of low temperature conditions. Based on the simulation method of thermal non-equilibrium used in direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC)

by modifying the number of vibrational relaxation collision

a numerical method for

vibrational non-equilibrium flow at low temperature is proposed

in which the modified coefficient is set to be 1×10

−7

. The flow in a M16 nozzle of the low density wind tunnel and the plume of 10 N attitude control thruster is simulated

and the vibrational temperature agrees with the experimental result. It is shown that

due to the large value of the number of vibrational relaxation collision in the low temperature condition

gas molecules can rarely have vibrational relaxation collisions

and the vibrational energy cannot transform to the translational energy

thus the vibrational temperature is completely frozen. With the present introduced modification

the number of vibrational relaxation collision is reduced

the probability of vibrational relaxation collision is increased

and the vibrational temperature can be reduced to match the experimental results.

关键词

Keywords

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