旋翼近水面效应影响因素

白兴之; 吴文华; 林泽铖; 范召林; 张代贤; 高福奎

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0108

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旋翼近水面效应影响因素

研究专栏——跨水空介质动力学研究Ⅰ | 更新时间：2026-07-27

- 旋翼近水面效应影响因素
- The influence factors of near water effect of rotor
- 空气动力学学报 2024年42卷第1期页码：86-99
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心跨介质飞行器研究中心,绵阳,621000
  2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所,绵阳,621000
  3. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳,621000
- 作者简介：
  
  白兴之（1995—），男，四川绵阳人，博士研究生，研究方向：跨介质流体动力学. E-mail：49470807@qq.com
  吴文华*（1975—），研究员，研究方向：跨介质流体动力学. E-mail：619677947@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重大研发计划
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0108
  中图分类号： V211.7
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
白兴之, 吴文华, 林泽铖, 等. 旋翼近水面效应影响因素[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(1): 86−99.

BAI Xingzhi, WU Wenhua, LIN Zecheng, et al. The influence factors of near water effect of rotor[J]. 2024, 42(1): 86-99.
白兴之, 吴文华, 林泽铖, 等. 旋翼近水面效应影响因素[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(1): 86−99. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0108

BAI Xingzhi, WU Wenhua, LIN Zecheng, et al. The influence factors of near water effect of rotor[J]. 2024, 42(1): 86-99. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0108.

摘要

旋翼在近水面高速旋转产生的水气交混流场会引发近水面效应，为了解近水面效应对飞行器介质跨越造成的潜在风险，通过近水面与地面实验详细对比了不同直径的碳纤维旋翼桨叶在无地效、地面效应与近水面效应工况下的气动特性。研究分析了旋翼近水面效应关键影响因素，指出了旋翼在近水面工作时拉力、扭矩与功率剧烈变化的原因，初步认识了液滴对于旋翼的作用，揭示了近水面效应影响规律：对于直径0.56 m桨叶，在高油门、低水面距离工况下，近水面效应具有非线性增升、增阻、转速降低、需用功率增大的效果；低油门、高水面距离工况下具有增升、减阻的效果；同时近水面效应又受旋翼直径、桨叶类型、转速影响。对于直径0.25 m桨叶，在不同工况下近水面效应都具有增升、减阻的效果。

Abstract

Cross-media vehicles

or hybrid aerial underwater vehicles (HAUV) are capable of operating in air and water and performing continuous and uninterrupted high-quality observation and sampling. However

the mixed air-water flows generated by the rotor near the water surface always resulting the near water effect. To understand the potential risks caused by the near water effect in the cross-media process

near water and ground tests were conducted to obtain the aerodynamic characteristics of carbon fiber rotor blades with different diameters under the conditions of out of ground effect

ground effect and near water effect. The study identified the key factors influencing the near water effect

and explained the significant changes in thrust

torque

power

and other factors when the rotor operates close to the water surface. The study also revealed the physics of near water effect

including the impact of droplets on the blades. For blades with a diameter of 0.56 m

when operating at high throttle and low distance off the water surface

the near water effect leads to a nonlinear increase in thrust

torque

required power

and a decrease in rotor speed. Under low throttle and high distance conditions

the near water effect is similar to the ground effect

resulting in increased thrust and reduced torque; additionally

the rotor size

blade type

and rotor speed have significant consequences on the near water effect. For blades with a diameter of 0.25 m

the near water effect leads to a increase in thrust and decrease in torque. It is evident that comprehending the near water effect of the rotor is advantageous for the layout design and dynamic modeling of cross-media vehicles.

关键词

Keywords

references

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