大涡模拟技术在航空湍流研究中的应用

宋君强; 白皓坤; 程彬; 张宁; 张卫民; 冷洪泽; 赵文静; 张泽

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0104

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大涡模拟技术在航空湍流研究中的应用

研究专栏——庆祝国防科技大学建校70周年 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 大涡模拟技术在航空湍流研究中的应用
- A review of large eddy simulation of aviation turbulence
- 空气动力学学报 2023年41卷第8期页码：26-43
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国防科技大学气象海洋学院,长沙,410073
  2. 南京大学大气科学学院,南京,210023
- 作者简介：
  
  宋君强（1962-），男，研究员，研究方向：大气数值模拟与高性能计算. E-mail： junqiang@nudt.edu.cn
  白皓坤（1994-），男，陕西西安人，助理研究员，研究方向：大气数值模拟. E-mail：bhaokun@163.com
  张宁*（1977-），男，山东昌乐人，教授，研究方向：大气边界层与大气湍流. E-mail：ningzhang@nju.edu.cn
  张卫民*（1966-），男，研究员，研究方向：大气数值模拟与卫星资料同化. E-mail：wmzhang104@139.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划（2021YFC3101500，2022YFB3207304）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0104
  中图分类号： P429;P435+.1;P456.7;V328.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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宋君强, 白皓坤, 程彬, 等. 大涡模拟技术在航空湍流研究中的应用[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(8): 26−43.

SONG Junqiang, BAI Haokun, CHENG Bin, et al. A review of large eddy simulation of aviation turbulence[J]. 2023, 41(8): 26-43.
宋君强, 白皓坤, 程彬, 等. 大涡模拟技术在航空湍流研究中的应用[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(8): 26−43. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0104

SONG Junqiang, BAI Haokun, CHENG Bin, et al. A review of large eddy simulation of aviation turbulence[J]. 2023, 41(8): 26-43. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0104.

摘要

航空湍流是威胁飞行安全的重要因素，它的形成机制复杂，一直是航空气象研究中的重点难点问题之一。近年来，随着大涡模拟（large eddy simulation，LES）技术的发展，LES已经成为研究航空湍流问题的重要方法。本文围绕在飞机起降阶段的飞机尾涡和低空湍流以及巡航阶段的对流湍流、山地波湍流和晴空湍流这五类航空湍流对飞机颠簸造成的影响，综述了LES技术在相关方向的研究进展，并对LES技术应用中亟需解决的问题及未来的重点研究方向进行了总结与展望。整体来看，航空湍流的LES模拟研究已经取得较大进展，高分辨率的LES可以更加明确航空湍流的来源和生命周期，显著提升了对航空湍流的机制认知和诊断预警能力。但在机制方面，对各种复杂湍流过程的相互影响机制仍然不够清楚；在数值模式技术方面，LES模拟与模式初始状态、边界条件和模式参数化方案的敏感性问题仍然有待解决。未来，LES与中尺度区域模式变网格嵌套技术、动态网格技术、集合预报与概率预报技术的发展，以及与深度学习等方法的结合都将进一步有效提升LES在航空湍流模拟方面的计算效率和预报能力。

Abstract

Aviation turbulence is an essential factor threatening flight safety. However

due to its complex mechanism

which study has been one of the key issues faced by the aviation industry. In recent years

with the development of large eddy numerical simulation (LES)

which has become an important method to solve aviation turbulence problems. This study reviews the research progress of LES technology in the past few decades

focusing on the impact of aircraft trailing vortex wakes and low-level turbulence during the takeoff and landing phase

as well as convective induced turbulence

mountain wave turbulence

and clear air turbulence during the cruise phase on aircraft turbulence. It also summarizes and prospects the urgent problems to be solved in the application of LES technology and future key research directions. Overall

LES simulation research on aviation turbulence has got much achievement

which can clarify the source and lifecycle of aviation turbulence more clearly

significantly improving the mechanism cognition

quantitative diagnosis

prediction and warning capabilities. However

in terms of mechanism

the interaction mechanism of various complex turbulent processes is still unclear; in terms of numerical model techniques

the predictive skill of LES of aviation turbulence is still limited by errors in initial conditions

boundary conditions

and the models themselves (e.g.

parameterizations

dynamical methods). In the future

the development of nesting and dynamic grid technology between LES and mesoscale regional models

high-resolution ensemble prediction methods and probability prediction approaches

as well as the combination with deep learning methods will further improve the computational efficiency and prediction ability of LES on aviation turbulence simulation and forecasting.

关键词

Keywords

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