间断Galerkin有限元隐式算法GPU并行化研究

高缓钦; 陈红全; 贾雪松; 徐圣冠

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0033

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间断Galerkin有限元隐式算法GPU并行化研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 间断Galerkin有限元隐式算法GPU并行化研究
- GPU-parallelized implicit discontinuous Galerkin finite element algorithm
- 空气动力学学报 2024年42卷第2期页码：21-33
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南京航空航天大学航空学院，非定常空气动力学与流动控制工信部重点实验室,南京,210016
  2. 南京工业大学机械与动力工程学院,南京,211816
- 作者简介：
  
  高缓钦（1990—），男，江苏人，博士生，研究方向：计算流体力学. E-mail：hqingao@nuaa.edu.cn
  陈红全*（1962—），教授，研究方向：计算流体力学. E-mail：hqchenam@nuaa.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（11972189，12102185）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0033
  中图分类号： V211.3
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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高缓钦, 陈红全, 贾雪松, 等. 间断Galerkin有限元隐式算法GPU并行化研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(2): 21−33.

GAO Huanqin, CHEN Hongquan, JIA Xuesong, et al. GPU-parallelized implicit discontinuous Galerkin finite element algorithm[J]. 2024, 42(2): 21-33.
高缓钦, 陈红全, 贾雪松, 等. 间断Galerkin有限元隐式算法GPU并行化研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42(2): 21−33. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0033

GAO Huanqin, CHEN Hongquan, JIA Xuesong, et al. GPU-parallelized implicit discontinuous Galerkin finite element algorithm[J]. 2024, 42(2): 21-33. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2023.0033.

摘要

为了提高间断伽辽金（discontinuous Galerkin

DG）有限元方法的计算效率，围绕求解Euler方程，构建了基于图形处理器（graphics processing unit

GPU）并行加速的隐式DG算法。算法结合Roe格式进行空间离散，采用人工黏性法处理激波等间断问题，时间推进选用下上对称高斯-赛德尔（lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel

LU-SGS）隐式格式。为了克服传统隐式格式固有的数据关联依赖问题，借助于本文提出的面向任意网格的单元着色分组技术，先给出了LU-SGS隐式格式的并行化改造，使得隐式时间推进能按颜色组别依次并行，由于同一颜色组内算法已不存在数据关联，可以据此实现并行化。在此基础上，再结合DG算法局部紧致等特点，基于统一计算设备架构（compute unified device architecture

CUDA）编程模型，设计了依据单元的核函数，并构建了对应的线程与数据结构，给出了DG有限元隐式GPU并行算法。最后，发展的算法通过了多个二维和三维典型流动算例考核与性能测试，展示出隐式算法GPU加速的效果，且获得的计算结果能与现有的文献或实验数据接近。

Abstract

In order to improve the parallel efficiency of the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method

a graphics processing unit (GPU) parallelized implicit DG algorithm is developed for solving Euler equations with additional artificial viscosity terms. The classic Roe scheme is adopted to treat the numerical flux involved in the spatial discretization

and the implicit lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) scheme is selected for time marching. In order to resolve the inherent data dependency of the traditional LU-SGS algorithm

which causes thread-racing conditions destabilizing numerical computation

a coloring method is presented for arbitrary meshes and applied to organize the computational elements into different color groups by painting neighboring elements with different colors. Algebraic operations of the elements in the same color group are independent in the algorithm and thus can be easily parallelized. Based on the presented coloring technique

the traditional LU-SGS algorithm is modified to be parallelized accordingly by performing calculations in a color-by-color manner. By taking advantage of the local compactness of the DG finite element method

a GPU-parallelized implicit DG algorithm based on the modified LU-SGS algorithm is then implemented under the compute unified device architecture (CUDA) programming model. The time marching procedure

which is the most time-consuming part of the algorithm

is assigned to be computed on GPU. The computational task is split into a set of small tasks

and element-based kernels are designed for these tasks with corresponding thread hierarchies and data structures. The resultant algorithm is verified by a set of typical two- and three-dimensional flow test cases and performance analysis

which shows that implicit GPU speedups can be achieved

and the obtained solutions agree well with experimental data or other computed results reported in the literature.

关键词

Keywords

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