考虑风切变影响的三维尾流模型风场实验

张绍海; 高晓霞; 朱霄珣; 王瑜; 王喜

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0134

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考虑风切变影响的三维尾流模型风场实验

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 考虑风切变影响的三维尾流模型风场实验
- Experimental study on wind field of three-dimensional wake model considering the influence of wind shear
- 空气动力学学报 2023年41卷第11期页码：71-79
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华北电力大学动力工程系,保定,071003
  2. 河北省低碳高效发电技术重点实验室,保定,071003
  3. 保定市低碳高效发电技术重点实验室,保定,071003
  4. 华北电力大学电子与通信工程系,保定,071000
  5. 河北龙源风力发电有限公司,张家口,076450
- 作者简介：
  
  张绍海（1996—），男，四川资阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向：风力机尾流分析. E-mail：zhangshaohaihai@outlook.com
  高晓霞*，副教授，博导，研究方向：风力机尾流、机组能效及载荷特性分析. E-mail：okspringgao@hotmail.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（52076081）;中央高校基本科研基金资助项目（2020MS107）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0134
  中图分类号： TK81
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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张绍海, 高晓霞, 朱霄珣, 等. 考虑风切变影响的三维尾流模型风场实验[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(11): 71−79.

ZHANG Shaohai, GAO Xiaoxia, ZHU Xiaoxun, et al. Experimental study on wind field of three-dimensional wake model considering the influence of wind shear[J]. 2023, 41(11): 71-79.
张绍海, 高晓霞, 朱霄珣, 等. 考虑风切变影响的三维尾流模型风场实验[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(11): 71−79. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0134

ZHANG Shaohai, GAO Xiaoxia, ZHU Xiaoxun, et al. Experimental study on wind field of three-dimensional wake model considering the influence of wind shear[J]. 2023, 41(11): 71-79. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0134.

摘要

针对目前风力机尾流模型只能描述远尾流区域的尾流分布而忽略了近尾流区域的尾流特征的问题，基于双高斯函数，利用流量守恒定理并通过旋转修正推导了一个新的三维尾流模型。该尾流模型考虑了风切变的影响，并且能够描述近尾流区域以及远尾流区域的三维尾流分布特征。采用两台地基扫描激光雷达进行了风场实验，实验数据表明水平方向的近尾流分布类似于对称双高斯形、远尾流区域类似于对称高斯形，而垂直方向由于受到风切变的影响，在近尾流区域尾流分布类似非对称双高斯形、远尾流区域分布类似非对称高斯形。利用实测数据对三维尾流模型预测的水平剖面以及垂直剖面进行了对比验证，验证结果表明三维尾流模型的预测曲线和实验数据吻合良好，其平均相对误差大部分都在5%以内。新提出的三维尾流模型能够较好地预测风力机下游的整个尾流区域的空间分布，可为风电场的布局提供优化方案。

Abstract

Aiming at the problem that the current wind turbine wake model can only describe the wake distribution in the far wake region and ignores the wake characteristics in the near wake region

this paper derives a new three-dimensional wake model based on the double-Gaussian function

using the flow conservation theorem and through rotation correction. The wake model considers the influence of wind shear and is able to describe the three-dimensional wake distribution characteristics in the near wake region and the far wake region. Wind field experiments were carried out with two ground-based scanning laser radars. The experimental data shows that the distribution of near wake in the horizontal direction has the symmetrical double-Gaussian shape

and the distribution of far wake area has the symmetrical Gaussian shape

while due to the influence of wind shear in the vertical direction

the distribution of wake in the near wake area has the asymmetrical double-Gaussian shape

and the distribution of far wake area has the asymmetrical Gaussian shape. The horizontal and vertical profiles predicted by the three-dimensional wake model are compared and verified by using the measured data. The validation results show that the prediction curves of the three-dimensional wake model are in good agreement with the experimental data

and the average relative errors are mostly within 5%. The newly proposed three-dimensional wake model can better predict the spatial distribution of the whole wake area downstream of the wind turbine and can provide an optimization scheme for the layout of the wind farm.

关键词

Keywords

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