近自由面超空泡航行体多相流特性分析

向敏; 刘波; 谢泽阳; 赵小宇

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0023

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近自由面超空泡航行体多相流特性分析

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 近自由面超空泡航行体多相流特性分析
- Research on the multiphase flow characteristics of the near free-surface supercavitating vehicle
- 空气动力学学报 2023年41卷第7期页码：64-73
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙,410073
  2. 西安现代控制技术研究所,西安,710000
- 作者简介：
  
  向敏*（1982-），女，湖北天门人，研究员，研究方向：多相流体力学. E-mail：xiangmin333@hotmail.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（52176164）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0023
  中图分类号： O359;V211.1+7
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
向敏, 刘波, 谢泽阳, 等. 近自由面超空泡航行体多相流特性分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(7): 64−73.

XIANG Min, LIU Bo, XIE Zeyang, et al. Research on the multiphase flow characteristics of the near free-surface supercavitating vehicle[J]. 2023, 41(7): 64-73.
向敏, 刘波, 谢泽阳, 等. 近自由面超空泡航行体多相流特性分析[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2023, 41(7): 64−73. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0023

XIANG Min, LIU Bo, XIE Zeyang, et al. Research on the multiphase flow characteristics of the near free-surface supercavitating vehicle[J]. 2023, 41(7): 64-73. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2022.0023.

摘要

以近水面超空泡航行体为研究背景，采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，开展近自由面空泡演化动力学机制研究，基于OpenFOAM开源软件平台构建多相流求解器，实现近自由面、通气空泡和空气卷吸耦合数值模拟；分别针对轴对称和弹-翼结合构型开展近自由面空泡流仿真分析，研究通气量、弹体长径比、航行深度、航行速度等对空泡形态和航行体流体动力影响，揭示自由界面与空泡耦合作用机理，进一步分析跨介质水翼对气液界面波动和弹体表面压力分布影响机制，研究表明弹体长径比增加将导致空化兴波波长增加，波幅减小，有助于提高空泡稳定性和提高减阻率；高弗劳德数时，通气系数过大，将导致空泡中轴线向下偏转，且空泡迎流面积增大，压差阻力显著增加；对于弹-翼组合构型，水翼切割主空泡尾部，容易造成尾段间歇沾湿，主空泡上方波幅显著降低，说明水翼对主波有抑制作用。

Abstract

In the context of near-free surface supercavitating vehicle The method of combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation was adopted to carry out the research on the dynamic mechanism of the near-free surface cavity evolution. A multiphase flow solver based on the OpenFOAM open source software platform was built to achieve two-phase numerical simulation of free-surface flow

ventilated cavitation and air entrainment. Simulation analysis of near-free surface cavitating flow for axisymmetric and projectile-wing combination configurations was carried out respectively. The effects of ventilation rate

projectile length-to-diameter ratio

sailing depth

sailing speed

etc

was further investigated and the mechanism of interaction between free surface and cavity was revealed. Furthermore analysis of the influence mechanism of the trans-media hydrofoil on the gas-liquid interface fluctuation and the pressure distribution of the projectile was obtained. It was found that the increase in the length-to-diameter ratio of the projectile will lead to an increase in the wavelength and a decrease in the amplitude of the cavity induced wave

which will help to improve the stability of the supercavity and enhance the drag reduction rate. When the Froude number is high

too large ventilation coefficient will lead to deflecting downward of the cavity central axis and the increase of the cavity flow area. The pressure drag will be increases significantly. For the projectile-wing combination configuration

the hydrofoil cuts the tail of the main cavity

which is easy to cause intermittent wetting of the tail section

and the amplitude of the wave above the main cavity is significantly reduced

indicating that the hydrofoil has a suppressing effect on the main wave.

关键词

Keywords

references

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