考虑尾流效应的风力机组输出功率和疲劳性能模拟

张建; 左浩然; 元国凯; 朱松晔

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0324

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考虑尾流效应的风力机组输出功率和疲劳性能模拟

专栏——高性能海上风机结构及其空气动力学前沿研究 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 考虑尾流效应的风力机组输出功率和疲劳性能模拟
- The effect of wake flows on the output power and fatigue behavior of wind turbines
- 空气动力学学报 2022年40卷第4期页码：210-219
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 香港理工大学土木及环境工程学系，香港九龙红磡
  2. 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司,广州,510663
- 作者简介：
  
  张建（1991-），男，山东济南人，助理研究员，研究方向：复杂工况下风力机动力性能研究. E-mail：polyujzhang@gmail.com
  朱松晔*，教授，研究方向：智能结构，风能，动力学. E-mail: songye.zhu@polyu.edu.hk
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金委员会及香港研究资助局联合科研资助基金（51761165022，N_PolyU533/17）;广东省促进经济发展专项基金（粤自然资源合[2019]019）;香港研究资助局协作研究金（C7038-20GF）;国家自然科学基金（52108479）;香港理工大学资助（BBW8，ZE2L）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0324
  中图分类号： TK83
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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张建, 左浩然, 元国凯, 等. 考虑尾流效应的风力机组输出功率和疲劳性能模拟[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(4): 210−219.

ZHANG Jian, ZUO Haoran, YUAN Guokai, et al. The effect of wake flows on the output power and fatigue behavior of wind turbines[J]. 2022, 40(4): 210-219.
张建, 左浩然, 元国凯, 等. 考虑尾流效应的风力机组输出功率和疲劳性能模拟[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2022, 40(4): 210−219. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0324

ZHANG Jian, ZUO Haoran, YUAN Guokai, et al. The effect of wake flows on the output power and fatigue behavior of wind turbines[J]. 2022, 40(4): 210-219. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2021.0324.

摘要

上游风力机旋转引起的尾流效应会对下游风力机的输出功率和疲劳特性产生显著影响。本文选用美国国家可再生能源实验室开发的FAST.Farm开源程序，基于准稳态条件下雷诺平均Navier-Stokes薄剪力层近似解，研究了不同布局情况下处于尾流场风力机的功率特性和疲劳性能。结果表明，尾流场中平均风速与湍流强度的变化规律不一致。尾流场中风力机的输出功率与风速变化相对应，随着距离增加呈现单调增长的趋势。参考乌鲁木齐和西宁两地的实测风速概率分布曲线，确定了叶根和塔底位置的疲劳寿命。叶片在低风速区间，风速损失对疲劳性能的影响程度相比于湍流强度的影响更为明显。因此，对于水平面内不同布局，处于尾流场中的风力机的叶片疲劳性能有一定程度的改善，但在（

= 4.0

，

= 0

）位置处疲劳寿命出现明显缩短。相比于叶片而言，水平面内不同位置（除

= 1.5

平面外），塔底疲劳寿命均存在不同程度的衰减。上述结论可为大型风电场布局设计和优化布置提供理论依据和设计参考。

Abstract

The wake effect induced by upstream wind turbines in a wind farm has significant influence on the output power and fatigue behavior of downstream wind turbines. Existing studies mainly focus on the output power of wind farms based on analytical models

whereas the research on the fatigue characteristics is relatively limited. Based on the thin-shear-layer approximation of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations under quasi-steady-state conditions

the power efficiency and fatigue characteristics of wind turbines with di

fferent layouts in the wake zone are systematically studied via the open-source code FAST. Farm developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Results show that the variations of average wind speed and turbulence intensity do not coincide with each other. Besides

the output power of wind turbines increases proportionally with the increasing separation space. The probability distributions of wind speed in Urumqi and Xining are selected to evaluate the fatigue lifetimes of blade roots and tower bases. For blade roots

the contribution of the wake deficit to the fatigue lifetime tends to be more significant than that of the turbulence intensity. Therefore

the fatigue behavior of turbine blades in the wake zone is improved to some extent

but an apparent degradation can still be found at the position (

= 4.0

= 0

)

in the horizontal plane. In contrast

for tower bases

different degrees of fatigue lifetime deterioration can be found at horizontal planes except

=1.5

. The conclusion of this paper can provide theoretical support and design reference to the layout optimization of a large-scale wind farm.

关键词

Keywords

references

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