尾水管壁面加鳍对混流式水轮机压力脉动的影响

张锐志; 西道弘; 罗先武

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0006

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尾水管壁面加鳍对混流式水轮机压力脉动的影响

专栏——空化流动与空泡 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 尾水管壁面加鳍对混流式水轮机压力脉动的影响
- Effects of fin installation on pressure fluctuation in a Francis turbine draft tube
- 空气动力学学报 2020年38卷第4期页码：788-795
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 清华大学二氧化碳减排与资源化利用技术北京市重点实验室,北京,100084
  2. 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京,100084
  3. 九州工业大学, 北九州市,日本,804-8550
- 作者简介：
  
  张锐志(1996-), 男, 安徽临泉人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向:流体机械.E-mail:zrz18@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
  罗先武(1967-), 教授, 研究方向:流体机械.E-mail:luoxw@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金（91852103、51776102）
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0006
  中图分类号： TK73
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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张锐志, 西道弘, 罗先武. 尾水管壁面加鳍对混流式水轮机压力脉动的影响[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2020, 38(4): 788-795.

ZHANG Ruizhi, NISHI Michihiro, LUO Xianwu. Effects of fin installation on pressure fluctuation in a Francis turbine draft tube[J]. 2020, 38(4): 788-795.
张锐志, 西道弘, 罗先武. 尾水管壁面加鳍对混流式水轮机压力脉动的影响[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2020, 38(4): 788-795. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0006.

ZHANG Ruizhi, NISHI Michihiro, LUO Xianwu. Effects of fin installation on pressure fluctuation in a Francis turbine draft tube[J]. 2020, 38(4): 788-795. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2020.0006.

摘要

为了抑制混流式水轮机在部分负荷工况下的压力脉动，在尾水管直锥段设置鳍片是一种可取的工程措施。本文基于数值模拟方法细致考察了设置鳍片对混流式水轮机尾水管内部流动及压力脉动的影响。结果表明：鳍通过改变鳍周围的速度和压力分布，并作用于涡的演变过程，进而影响尾水管中的涡带运动和压力脉动。在非空化工况下，鳍表面产生的附鳍小涡带起到稳定压力场的作用，降低了尾水管直锥段的压力脉动；而附鳍小涡带与主流区涡带的相互作用则恶化了尾水管弯肘段的流动，反而使得弯肘段压力脉动略微回升；在空化工况下，尾水管壁面加鳍显著降低涡带规模和空泡体积，使得尾水管的压力脉动得到明显削弱。

Abstract

To alleviate pressure fluctuation inside a Francis turbine draft tube working under part-load operation

a fin installed on the wall of the conical part is one effective method in engineering application. This paper investigates the effects of fin installation on the internal flow and pressure fluctuation inside the draft tube based on numerical calculation. Results show that a fin can change the velocity and pressure distribution around the fin. Further

the fin affects the vortex evolution in draft tube and consequently changes vortex rope and pressure fluctuation. Under non-cavitation condition

an extra small vortex rope occurs near the fin

which plays the role of pressure stabilizer and decreases the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the conical part. It is the interaction of the extra small vortex rope with the vortex rope in mainstream results in the complicated flow in the elbow part of the draft tube. As a result

in the elbow

there is a slight increase of pressure fluctuation amplitude. Under cavitation condition

the fin reduces the size of both vortex rope and cavity

and suppresses the pressure fluctuation in the whole draft tube.

关键词

Keywords

references

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