硅基防热材料表面流动特性研究

高贺; 张智; 陈连忠; 王显; 冯雪

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2016.0139

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硅基防热材料表面流动特性研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- 硅基防热材料表面流动特性研究
- Surface flow character study of silicone thermal protection material
- 空气动力学学报 2019年37卷第3期页码：406-411
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京,100074
  2. 清华大学,北京,100084
- 作者简介：
  
  高贺(1986-), 男, 辽宁营口人, 博士, 高级工程师, 研究方向:气动热地面模拟试验设计与分析.E-mail:xzy_gh@qq.com
  陈连忠(1972-), 男, 河南鹤壁人, 博士, 研究员, 研究方向:热防护试验技术与装备.E-mail:quarter724@sohu.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2016.0139
  中图分类号： V250.2;V211.7
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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高贺, 张智, 陈连忠, 王显, 冯雪. 硅基防热材料表面流动特性研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2019, 37(3): 406-411.

GAO He, ZHANG Zhi, CHEN Lianzhong, et al. Surface flow character study of silicone thermal protection material[J]. 2019, 37(3): 406-411.
高贺, 张智, 陈连忠, 王显, 冯雪. 硅基防热材料表面流动特性研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2019, 37(3): 406-411. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2016.0139.

GAO He, ZHANG Zhi, CHEN Lianzhong, et al. Surface flow character study of silicone thermal protection material[J]. 2019, 37(3): 406-411. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2016.0139.

摘要

硅基复合防热材料在气动热试验时，表面有大量的熔融物质在气流作用下形成流动的液态层，其表面流动特性直接影响防热材料表面温度、质量损失和线烧蚀量，也间接决定了防热材料的烧蚀性能和隔热性能。本文通过烧蚀机理分析和光学非接触式测量的方法，研究某类硅基材料的流动特性。烧蚀机理分析将熔融物质视为液态边界层，研究其与固体防热材料表面之间的运动特性，同时考虑质量引射效应和液态层蒸发现象，得出液态层流动速度与气流剪切力、液态层厚度和液态层动力黏度的相关公式。光学非接触式测量方法以3D摄影测量为基础，结合PIV增量相关匹配算法和光流法，研究熔融液滴在固体防热材料表面整体的和单一的运动特性。在某一特定的流场状态下，对于表面液态层流动速度，烧蚀机理计算结果为26 mm/s，而光学非接触测量结果为10 mm/s。两种方法的误差来源主要是理论假设、材料参数和测量区域等方面的不同。研究结果表明，液滴之间具有很强的相互作用且流动速度差距较大，烧蚀机理分析可以做为工程计算方法预估试验结果，而光学非接触测量可以做为烧蚀机理分析的验证手段，并给出防热材料在试验过程中的烧蚀特性。

Abstract

There is plenty of melting substance on the surface of silicone thermal protection material (TPM) in ablation process

and the melting silicone is shaped into a liquid layer by the flow force. The surface temperature

mass lose

and recession of the TPM are directly affected by this surface flow character. Moreover

the ablation performance and heat insulation performance are indirectly determined by this character. The surface flow character of the silicone TPM is studied regarding two aspects in this paper. The first aspect is the ablation mechanis

m analysis with the melting silicone defined as a liquid boundary layer. The movement character between the liquid boundary layer and the solid TPM surface is investigated in consideration of the mass injection effect and evaporation phenomenon. The relationship is formulated between the velocity of liquid boundary layer and the flow shear stress

the thickness and dynamic viscosity of the layer. The second aspect is the optical contactless measurement based on 3D vision technique with PIV image processing and optical flow. The study objective is unitary and single movement character of the melting silicone blob on the solid TPM surface. The result shows that

there is strong interactive force between blobs and the velocity of blobs is very different. The mechanism analysis and the 3D vision technique are used to evaluate the velocity of blobs under a test condition. The cold wall heat flux and the recovery enthalpy of the test flow field are

respectively

1170 kW/m

and 5480 kJ/kg

and the surface temperature of the TPM is 1815 K. The result of ablation mechanism analysis is 26 mm/s

while the optical contactless measurement one is 10 mm/s. The differences between the two results are mainly contributed by the different theoretical assumption

the material parameters

and the measurement region. The ablation mechanism analysis can be used as an engineering calculation method to estimate the test result. The optical contactless measurement can be recognized as a verification tool with the capability of revealing the ablation characteristic of TPM during the test.

关键词

Keywords

references

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