鄂西地区震旦系—寒武系页岩差异生烃演化及页岩气成藏过程

于泰炎; 冯乾乾; 邱楠生; 腾格尔; 李萱; 曾帅; 宋佳霖

doi:10.7623/syxb202512008

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鄂西地区震旦系—寒武系页岩差异生烃演化及页岩气成藏过程

地质勘探 | 更新时间：2026-02-02

- 鄂西地区震旦系—寒武系页岩差异生烃演化及页岩气成藏过程
- Differential hydrocarbon generation and evolution of Sinian-Cambrian shales as well as shale gas accumulation processes in western Hubei area
- 石油学报 2025年46卷第12期页码：2318-2331
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 中国石油大学(北京),北京,102249
  2. 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京,102249
  3. 中国石油大学(北京)碳中和示范性能源学院,北京,102249
  4. 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心,北京,100083
  5. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京,102206
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金地质联合基金重点支持项目(No.U2244208);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(No.42302138)和中国石油大学(北京)学科前沿交叉探索专项(2462024XKQY001)资助。
- DOI：10.7623/syxb202512008
  中图分类号： TE122.3
- 网络出版：2026-01-09，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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于泰炎, 冯乾乾, 邱楠生, 腾格尔, 李萱, 曾帅, 宋佳霖. 鄂西地区震旦系—寒武系页岩差异生烃演化及页岩气成藏过程[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(12): 2318-2331.

于泰炎, 冯乾乾, 邱楠生, et al. Differential hydrocarbon generation and evolution of Sinian-Cambrian shales as well as shale gas accumulation processes in western Hubei area[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(12): 2318-2331.
于泰炎, 冯乾乾, 邱楠生, 腾格尔, 李萱, 曾帅, 宋佳霖. 鄂西地区震旦系—寒武系页岩差异生烃演化及页岩气成藏过程[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(12): 2318-2331. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202512008.

于泰炎, 冯乾乾, 邱楠生, et al. Differential hydrocarbon generation and evolution of Sinian-Cambrian shales as well as shale gas accumulation processes in western Hubei area[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(12): 2318-2331. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202512008.

摘要

震旦系—寒武系古老页岩气藏是当前页岩气勘探开发的重要领域

但由于其埋藏历史漫长、成熟度高且经历多期构造-热事件叠加

页岩的生烃演化与成藏过程研究面临着显著挑战。以鄂西地区震旦系—寒武系页岩为研究对象

综合运用低温热年代学和沥青反射率等多种古温标

恢复了鄂西地区古生代以来的热演化史

重建了典型钻井内震旦系—寒武系页岩的埋藏—生烃演化过程。在此基础上

结合流体包裹体分析

明确了页岩生油与成气过程的时间、温度和成熟度条件

为页岩气成藏过程的重建提供了关键依据。研究结果表明

黄陵隆起区在早古生代埋藏阶段的埋深较小(约为2 500 m)

其页岩的热演化程度较低

生烃潜力得以有效保存

而湘鄂西坳陷区在同期的埋深较大(约为5 000 m)

其页岩的热演化程度高

并在晚奥陶世—早志留世快速经历了生油与生气高峰

过早丧失了生烃能力并转入保存状态。流体包裹体揭示黄陵隆起区的震旦系陡山沱组页岩经历了3个生烃演化阶段:早二叠世达到生油高峰并大量生油

三叠纪进入生气高峰并伴随液态烃大量裂解为气态烃

以及早白垩世发生页岩气散失;寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩记录了2个生烃演化阶段:三叠纪进入生气高峰和早白垩世发生页岩气散失。

Abstract

The Sinian-Cambrian ancient shale gas reservoirs represent a key field for current hydrocarbon exploration and development. However

owing to their prolonged burial history

high thermal maturity

and the superimposition of multiple tectono-thermal events

the research on shale hydrocarbon generation and evolution as well as gas accumulation processes faces significant challenges. This study targets at the Sinian-Cambrian shales in western Hubei area. The combination of multiple paleothermometers

including low-temperature thermochronology and bitumen reflectance

enables the restoration of the thermal evolution history in western Hubei area since the Paleozoic

and reconstructed the burial and hydrocarbon generation processes of Sinian-Cambrian shale in typical wells. Based on this

in combination with fluid inclusion analyses

the time

temperature

and maturity conditions for shale oil-gas generation are determined

providing key evidence for reconstructing the shale gas accumulation process. The results indicate that during the Early Paleozoic burial stage

the Huangling paleo-uplift experienced a relatively shallow burial depth (approximately 2 500 m)where the shale had a low degree of thermal evolution

thereby preserving its hydrocarbon generation potential. In contrast

the western Hunan-Hubei depression reached greater burial depths (approximately 5 000 m)during the same period

where the shale underwent a high level of thermal evolution and rapid peaks of oil-gas generation during the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian

resulting in an early loss of hydrocarbon generation capacity and a subsequent transition into the preservation stage. Fluid inclusion analyses reveal that the Sinian Doushantuo Formation shale in Huangling paleo-uplift experienced three evolutionary stages

i.e.

an oil-generation peak with substantial oil production during Early Permian

a gas-generation peak accompanied by large-scale cracking of liquid hydrocarbons into gaseous hydrocarbons in Triassic

and shale gas dissipation during Early Cretaceous. In contrast

the Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale recorded two stages

including a gas-generation peak in Triassic and shale gas dissipation in Early Cretaceous.

关键词

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