EN不同类型含煤盆地煤层气的成因响应及其地质意义
Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications
- 石油学报 2025年46卷第12期 页码：2286-2300
- 作者机构：
1. 西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西,西安,710054
2. 西安科技大学煤炭绿色开采地质研究院,陕西,西安,710054
3. 地球系统数值模拟与应用全国重点实验室 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京,101408
4. 成都理工大学能源学院(页岩气现代产业学院),四川,成都,610059
5. 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川,成都,610059
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
DOI：10.7623/syxb202512006
中图分类号： TE132.2-
网络出版：2026-01-09，
纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, 徐凤银, 侯恩科. 不同类型含煤盆地煤层气的成因响应及其地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300.
鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, et al. Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300.
鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, 徐凤银, 侯恩科. 不同类型含煤盆地煤层气的成因响应及其地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202512006.
鲍园, 陈雪茹, 琚宜文, et al. Genetic responses of coalbed methane in different types of coal-bearing basins and their geological implications[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(12): 2286-2300. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202512006.
摘要
煤层气是一种环境友好型非常规天然气资源
其成因类型及分布规律与盆地构造类型密切相关。基于中国17个典型含煤盆地2 422件煤层气样品的气体组分和稳定同位素组成特征
分析了不同含煤盆地煤层气的成因类型、分布规律和富集模式。煤层气主要包括生物成因气、热成因气和混合成因气3种成因类型。生物成因型煤层气主要分布在克拉通盆地边缘的浅层区域或断陷盆地的断裂带附近
其最大埋深小于1 800 m
煤岩镜质体反射率(
R
o
)小于0.5%;热成因型煤层气主要分布在克拉通盆地深部或前陆盆地的中—深部构造单元
其最大埋深超过3 600 m
煤岩
R
o
大于1.5%;混合成因型煤层气广泛分布于各类盆地的中—浅部
其最大埋深为1 800~3 600 m
煤岩
R
o
为0.5%~1.5%。综合不同成因类型煤层气的分布规律和不同盆地的构造演化背景
建立了不同盆地类型的煤层气富集模式:①在克拉通盆地建立了凹陷中心、斜坡带、边缘逆冲推覆构造的煤层气富集模式;②在前陆盆地建立了冲断带断层下盘、前渊斜坡带浅层、前缘隆起带圈闭的煤层气富集模式;③在断陷盆地建立了洼槽区和斜坡区的煤层气富集模式。基于盆地类型与煤层气成因机制提出了煤层气差异化勘探与开发策略:①针对前陆盆地浅层斜坡带和断陷盆地洼槽区与斜坡区的低阶煤生物成因型煤层气或混合成因型煤层气富集区
可探索微生物增产技术或注水工艺优化;②针对克拉通盆地凹陷中心的深部热成因型煤层气富集区
宜采用超临界CO
2
压裂等高效改造技术。研究认识对于不同地质背景下煤层气的资源评价与开发部署具有重要指导与参考意义。
Abstract
Coalbed methane (CBM) is an environmentally friendly unconventional natural gas resource
and its genesis types and distribution patterns are closely linked with the basin structure. Based on gas composition and stable isotope data from 2 422 CBM samples collected fr
om 17 typical coal-bearing basins in China
this study analyzes the genetic types
distribution patterns
and enrichment models of CBM in different types of coal-bearing basins CBM mainly includes biogenic gas
thermogenic gas
and mixed gas. Biogenic CBM is primarily distributed in shallow zones along the margins of cratonic basins or near fault zones within rift basins
with maximum burial depths of less than 1 800 m and vitrinite reflectance (R
o
) values below 0.5%. Thermogenic CBM is mainly found in deep zones of craton basin or in the middle-to-deep structural units of foreland basin
characterized by maximum burial depths exceeding 3 600 m and R
o
values greater than 1.5%. Mixed CBM is widely distributed in the middle-to-shallow zones of various types of basins
with maximum burial depths ranging from 1 800 m to 3 600 m and Ro values between 0.5%and 1.5%. By integrating the distribution patterns of different genetic types of CBM with the tectonic evolution of various basins
enrichment models for different types of basins were established. (1) In craton basin
hydrocarbons accumulate in depression centers
slope belts
and marginal thrust-nappe structures. (2) In foreland basin
the enrichment areas include the lower plate of thrust faults in thrust belt
shallow slope zones in foredeep
and traps within foreland uplift zone. (3) In rift basin
hydrocarbons are enriched in trough areas and slope zones. Based on basin types and CBM genetic mechanisms
differentiated exploration and development strategies are proposed. (1) For enrichment zones of biogenic or mixed CBM in low-rank coals
such as shallow slope belts in foreland basin and trough or slope areas in rift basin
microbial stimulation techniques or optimized water-injection processes may be explored. (2) For enrichment zones of deep thermogenic CBM in the depression centers of craton basin
high-efficiency stimulation technologies such as supercritical CO
2
fracturing are recommended. These findings provide significant g
uidance and reference for CBM resource evaluation and development deployment across different geological settings.
关键词
Keywords
references
CARPENTER A B,TROUT M L,PICKETT E E.Preliminary report on the origin and chemical evolution of lead-and zinc-rich oil field brines in central Mississippi[J].Economic Geology,1974,69(8):1191-1206.
SHAO Longyi,WANG Xuetian,WANG Dongdong,et al.Sequence stratigraphy,paleogeography,and coal accumulation regularity of major coal-accumulating periods in China[J].International Journal of Coal Science & Technology,2020,7(2):240-262.
CAO Daiyong,WANG Anmin,NING Shuzheng,et al.Coalfield structure and structural controls on coal in China[J].International Journal of Coal Science & Technology,2020,7(2):220-239.
ZOU Caineng,ZHAI Guangming,ZHANG Guangya,et al.Formation,distribution,potential and prediction of global conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):14-28.
康玉柱.全球沉积盆地的类型及演化特征[J].天然气工业,2014,34(4):10-18.
何登发.中国多旋回叠合沉积盆地的形成演化、地质结构与油气分布规律[J].地学前缘,2022,29(6):24-59.
邹才能,杨智,黄士鹏,等.煤系天然气的资源类型、形成分布与发展前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2019,46(3):433-442.
庞雄奇,贾承造,宋岩,等.全油气系统定量评价:方法原理与实际应用[J].石油学报,2022,43(6):727-759.
琚宜文,乔鹏,卫明明,等.区域构造与演化控制下煤层气富集高产典型模式[J].煤田地质与勘探,2022,50(9):1-12.
SCOTT A R,KAISER W R,AYERS JR W B.Thermogenic and secondary biogenic gases,San Juan Basin,Colorado and New Mexico-implications for coalbed gas producibility[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(8):1186-1209.
STRAPOC ＇ D,MASTALERZ M,DAWSON K,et al.Biogeochemistry of microbial coal-bed methane[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,2011,39:617-656.
TAO Mingxin,SHI Baoguang,LI Jinying,et al.Secondary biological coalbed gas in the Xinji area,Anhui Province,China:evidence from the geochemical features and secondary changes[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,71(2/3):358-370.
TAO Mingxin,CHEN Xiangrui,MA Yuzhen,et al.Geological-geochemical models and isotope fractionation laws and control factors of thermogenic coalbed gas in Panxian,China[J].Energy & Fuels,2020,34(3):2665-2673.
WHITICAR M J.Stable isotope geochemistry of coals,humic kerogens and related natural gases[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1996,32(1/4):191-215.
BAO Yuan,WEI Chongtao,WANG Chaoyong,et al.Geochemical characteristics and identification of thermogenic CBM generated during the low and middle coalification stages[J].Geochemical Journal,2013,47(4):451-458.
SMITH J W,PALLASSER R J.Microbial origin of Australian coalbed methane[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(6):891-897.
KOTARBA M J.Origin of natural gases in the Paleozoic-Mesozoic basement of the Polish Carpathian foredeep[J].Geologica Carpathica,2012,63(4):307-318.
KOTARBA M J.Composition and origin of coalbed gases in the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins,Poland[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32(1):163-180.
CONRAD R.Quantification of methanogenic pathways using stable carbon isotopic signatures:a review and a proposal[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(5):739-752.
WHITICAR M J.Carbon and hydrogen isotope systematics of bacterial formation and oxidation of methane[J].Chemical Geology,1999,161(1/3):291-314.
STRAPOC ＇ D,MASTALERZ M,EBLE C,et al.Characterization of the origin of coalbed gases in southeastern Illinois Basin by compound-specific carbon and hydrogen stable isotope ratios[J].Organic Geochemistry,2007,38(2):267-287.
KEDZIOR S,KOTARBA M J,PEKAA Z.Geology,spatial distribution of methane content and origin of coalbed gases in Upper Carboniferous (Upper Mississippian and Pennsylvanian)strata in the south-eastern part of the Upper Silesian coal basin,Poland[J].International Journal of coal geology,2013,105: 24-35.
SECHMAN H,KOTARBA M J,KEDZIOR S,et al.Fluctuations in methane and carbon dioxide concentrations in the near-surface zone and their genetic characterization in abandoned and active coal mines in the SW part of the Upper Silesian coal basin,Poland[J].International Journal of coal geology,2020,227:103529.
ZHANG Kun,MENG Zhaoping,WANG Xiaoming.Distribution of methane carbon isotope and its significance on CBM accumulation of No.2 coal seam in Yanchuannan CBM block,Ordos Basin,China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2019,174:92-105.
琚宜文,李清光,颜志丰,等.煤层气成因类型及其地球化学研究进展[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(5):806-815.
叶建平,岳魏,秦勇,等.中国煤层气聚集区带划分[J].天然气工业,1999,19(5):9-12.
李洋冰,曾磊,胡维强,等.保德地区煤层气地球化学特征及成因探讨[J].煤田地质与勘探,2021,49(2):133-141.
王相业,孙保平.鄂尔多斯盆地兴县地区煤层气地球化学特征及成因[J].煤田地质与勘探,2020,48(4):156-164.
李勇.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘煤层气富集成藏规律研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2015.
吴鹏,胡维强,李洋冰,等.临兴—神府区块深部煤层气地球化学特征及其影响因素[J].煤田地质与勘探,2024,52(5):56-66.
黄士鹏,段书府,汪泽成,等.烷烃气稳定氢同位素组成影响因素及应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2019,46(3):496-508.
孙粉锦,田文广,陈振宏,等.中国低煤阶煤层气多元成藏特征及勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2018,38(6):10-18.
姚海鹏,朱炎铭,刘宇,等.鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡北部煤系非常规天然气成藏特征[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(3):160-167.
刘厚宁,曹惠锋.大佛寺井田煤层气地球化学特征及其成因分析[J].煤炭技术,2020,39(11):60-63.
殷民胜,陈冬冬,郑凯歌.基于混源气计算模型的煤油气共存采空区瓦斯定量分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(5):99-102.
赵靖舟,王大兴,孙六一,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西北部奥陶系气源及其成藏规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(5):711-720.
牛志辉,冯乐飞,王辉,等.沁水煤田煤层气中氮气地球化学特征与成因[J].科学技术创新,2021(20):109-110.
李贵山.晋城西区煤层气成因及其赋存影响因素分析[J].科技情报开发与经济,2005,15(12):126-127.
陈振宏,宋岩,秦胜飞.沁水盆地南部煤层气藏的地球化学特征[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):561-564.
黄平,孟召平,陈慧诚,等.西山区块煤储层含气性及甲烷碳同位素分布特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(1):75-79.
夏鹏,曾凡桂,宋晓夏,等.山西古交矿区煤层气组成特征及成因探讨[J].煤炭学报,2019,44(9):2824-2832.
汪岗,秦勇,解奕炜,等.古交区块煤层气地球化学特征及其成因[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(5):1180-1187.
徐占杰,刘钦甫,郑启明,等.沁水盆地北部太原组煤层气碳同位素特征及成因探讨[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(6):1467-1475.
WEI Qiang,HU Baolin,FANG Huihuang,et al.Composition,origin,and accumulation model of coalbed methane in the Panxie coal mining area,Anhui Province,China[J].ACS Omega,2022,7(21):17929-17940.
刘会虎,兰天贺,胡宝林,等.淮南潘集外围深部煤层气地球化学特征及成因[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(2):498-506.
胡宝林,王博文,徐宏杰.淮南潘集矿区二叠系煤层瓦斯成因类型分析[J].安徽理工大学学报:自然科学版,2022,42(1):1-8.
魏强,刘家乐,童家颖,等.淮南潘集深部11-2煤层含气量与地球化学特征及其地质条件影响因素分析[J].宿州学院学报,2022,37(9):33-38.
徐超,陈冰宇,吴盾,等.淮北煤田祁东煤矿煤和瓦斯中稳定碳同位素分布特征及其地质成因[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(3): 54-58.
LI Qingguang,JU Yiwen,BAO Yuan,et al.Composition,origin,and distribution of coalbed methane in the Huaibei coalfield,China[J].Energy & Fuels,2015,29(2):546-555.
张利松,田继军,杨曙光,等.准噶尔盆地东部西山窑组煤层气资源赋存特征及影响因素分析[J].低碳世界,2018(1):27-28.
祁斌.准南煤田煤层气赋存特征分析[J].中国煤层气,2019,16(6): 17-21.
李跃国,姚程鹏,杨曙光,等.准南米泉地区煤层气成因及其富集成藏机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2021,49(4):220-226.
李剑,郝爱胜,齐雪宁,等.中国西北地区侏罗系煤成气地球化学特征与勘探潜力[J].天然气地球科学,2019,30(6):866-879.
FU Haijiao,YAN Detian,SU Xianbo,et al.Biodegradation of early thermogenic gas and generation of secondary microbial gas in the Tieliekedong region of the northern Tarim Basin,NW China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2022,261:104075.
涂志民,车延前,李鹏,等.新疆后峡盆地中-低阶煤煤层气成藏模式[J].煤田地质与勘探,2022,50(5):43-49.
魏国齐,刘德来,张英,等.柴达木盆地第四系生物气形成机理、分布规律与勘探前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):84-89.
梁全胜,刘震,常迈,等.柴达木盆地三湖坳陷浅层生物气成藏模式分析[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(3):36-39.
NI Yunyan,LIAO Fengrong,DAI Jinxing,et al.Studies on gas origin and gas source correlation using stable carbon isotopes-a case study of the giant gas fields in the Sichuan Basin,China[J].Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2014,32(1):41-74.
SUN Xueyang,HU Yiliang,LI Dan.Research on the geochemical characteristics of coalbed methane and relationship between gas-logging and measured gas component in Guxu mine of southern Sichuan coalfield,China[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2021,14(20):2128.
鲍园,安超,琚宜文,等.川南煤田古叙矿区DC-5井上二叠统龙潭组煤层甲烷吸附性及其主控因素[J].天然气地球科学,2020,31(1):93-99.
王青春.百色盆地油气地球化学特征及集聚成藏分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
张淮,周荔青.陆良盆地生物气藏形成分布规律[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(6):588-593.
王大锐,罗槐章.云南陆良盆地天然气及烃源岩地球化学特征——兼论滇黔桂地区寻找生物气田的可能性[J].天然气工业,2000,20(3):12-15.
党洪艳,沈忠民,刘四兵,等.保山盆地生物气地球化学特征[J].四川地质学报,2010,30(1):91-93.
翟佳宇,张松航,唐书恒,等.云南老厂雨汪煤层气区块气水成因及产能响应[J].现代地质,2022,36(5):1341-1350.
CHEN Xiangrui,WANG Yunpeng,TAO Mingxin,et al.Tracing the origin and formation mechanisms of coalbed gas from the Fuxin Basin in China using geochemical and isotopic signatures of the gas and coproduced water[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2023,267:104185.
陶俊杰,申建,王金月,等.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷煤层气成因类型及勘探方向[J].高校地质学报,2019,25(2):295.
王涛,邓泽,胡海燕,等.国内外低阶煤煤层气储层特征对比研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2019,47(9):41-50.
孟芹,李玲,李杰,等.二连盆地巴彦花凹陷煤层气成因类型及生气潜力[J].煤田地质与勘探,2023,51(11):24-33.
林海涛,李玲,唐淑玲,等.二连盆地富气凹陷低阶煤煤层气成因及成藏机制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2024,52(2):60-69.
李玲,姚海鹏,李文华,等.海拉尔盆地伊敏凹陷煤层气成藏条件及成藏模式[J].东北石油大学学报,2019,43(4):78-87.
吕超.海拉尔盆地乌尔逊—贝尔凹陷典型斜坡带构造演化与油气富集规律研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2022.
张晓东,李敬生,侯艳平,等.海拉尔盆地红旗凹陷构造演化及其对成藏的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2019,38(5):117-125.
国家市场监督管理总局,国家标准化管理委员会.天然气的组成分析 气相色谱法:GB/T 13610—2020[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2020.
国家市场监督管理总局,国家标准化管理委员会.同位素组成质谱分析方法通则:GB/T 37847—2019[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2019.
BAO Yuan,LI Dan,JU Yiwen.Constraints of biomethane generation yield and carbon isotope fractionation effect in the pathway of acetotrophic with different coal-rank coals[J].Fuel,2021,305:121493.
BAO Yuan,WEI Chongtao,NEUPANE B.Generation and accumulation characteristics of mixed coalbed methane controlled by tectonic evolution in Liulin CBM field,eastern Ordos Basin,China[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2016,28:262-270.
陆克政.含油气盆地分析[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2001:173.
朱志良,高小明.陇东煤田侏罗系煤层气成藏主控因素与模式[J].岩性油气藏,2022,34(1):86-94.
王勃.沁水盆地煤层气富集高产规律及有利区块预测评价[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2013.
芮昀,刘成,王建君.川南地区筠连区块乐平组煤层气成藏条件与成藏模式研究[J].煤炭技术,2019,38(7):87-89.
陈跃,马东民,方世跃,等.构造和水文地质条件耦合作用下煤层气富集高产模式[J].西安科技大学学报,2019,39(4):644-655.
邢力仁.沁水盆地柿庄南区块煤层气有利储层预测[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2014.
桑树勋,韩思杰,刘世奇,等.高煤阶煤层气富集机理的深化研究[J].煤炭学报,2022,47(1):388-403.
梁兴,单长安,李兆丰,等.山地煤层气勘探创新实践及有效开采关键技术—以四川盆地南部筠连煤层气田为例[J].天然气工业,2022,42(6):107-129.
张敏剑.土城向斜煤层气系统及其发育机理[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2019.
曹星昊,肖正辉,曹运江,等.滇东黔西地区与沁水盆地煤储层地质特征对比分析[J].中国煤炭地质,2020,32(12):55-60.
TAO Shu,TANG Dazhen,XU Hao,et al.Factors controlling high-yield coalbed methane vertical wells in the Fanzhuang block,southern Qinshui Basin[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2014,134-135:38-45.
YAO Yanbin,LIU Dameng,QIU Yongkai.Variable gas content,saturation,and accumulation characteristics of Weibei coalbed methane pilot-production field in the southeastern Ordos Basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(8):1371-1393.
郑令悦.沁水盆地南部樊庄区块煤层气开发动态与煤层气井产能差异性研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2021.
刘彬,赵雯,谷思勇,等.浅析樊庄区块煤层气井产能的主要影响因素[J].能源技术与管理,2013,38(3):9-11.
詹润,张文永,傅先杰,等.淮南煤田新集与罗连井田逆冲推覆构造变形差异性特征及对煤层气赋存的影响[J].地球科学与环境学报,2022,44(5):750-764.
赵龙海.冀北兴隆煤田逆冲推覆构造特征及对瓦斯地质的影响[J].煤炭与化工,2021,44(8):53-57.
DECELLES P G,GILES K A.Foreland basin systems[J].Basin Research,1996,8(2):105-123.
侯海海,李强强,梁国栋,等.准噶尔盆地南缘西山窑组与八道湾组煤层气成藏富 集条件对比研究[J].非常规油气,2022,9(1):18-24.
李勇,曹代勇,魏迎春,等.准噶尔盆地南缘中低煤阶煤层气富集成藏规律[J].石油学报,2016,37(12):1472-1482.
赵庆波,孙斌.中小型含煤盆地煤层气勘探取得突破的几点认识[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(5):452-456.
张玉垚,程晓茜,弓小平,等.新疆典型矿区低煤阶煤层气成藏差异对比研究[J].中国矿业,2019,28(6):172-179.
付锁堂,马达德,汪立群,等.柴达木盆地昆北冲断带古隆起油藏特征及油气成藏条件[J].石油学报,2013,34(4):675-682.
严康文.柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡煤田侏罗系煤层气成藏富集因素分析[D].西宁:青海大学,2016.
孙钦平,王生维,田文广,等.二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷低煤阶煤层气富集模式[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):59-66.
李宏为,齐秋红,韩峰,等.二连盆地低煤阶煤层分布及煤层气富集条件分析[J].中国煤层气,2019,16(5):19-23.
徐凤银,侯伟,熊先钺,等.中国煤层气产业现状与发展战略[J].石油勘探与开发,2023,50(4):669-682.
0
浏览量
139
下载量
0
CSCD
- Meta-XML下载
- BibTeX下载
- Endnote下载
- RefMan 下载
- NoteExpress下载
- NoteFirst下载
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
AI问答- 技术支持由北京北大方正电子有限公司提供 京ICP备09064830号-19
京公网安备11010802024621 - 本系统建议在Chrome、 IE9+ 以上版本浏览器阅读本站内容，360浏览器请切换至极速模式
- Cookies帮助我们提供服务并提供个性化体验。使用本网站，即表示您同意我们使用Cookies