上扬子地块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩的氮富集机理与富氮页岩气成因

王东升; 刘飏; 张金川; 刘珠江; 陈斐然; 郎岳; 周东升; 陈世敬; 苏泽昕; 仝忠正

doi:10.7623/syxb202511006

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上扬子地块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩的氮富集机理与富氮页岩气成因

地质勘探 | 更新时间：2025-12-10

- 上扬子地块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩的氮富集机理与富氮页岩气成因
- Nitrogen enrichment mechanism and nitrogen-rich shale gas genesis of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale in the Upper Yangtze block
- 石油学报 2025年46卷第11期页码：2075-2090
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国石油化工股份有限公司勘探分公司,四川,成都,610041
  2. 大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁,大连,116026
  3. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院,北京,100083
  4. 大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江,大庆,163712
  5. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京,102206
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7623/syxb202511006
  中图分类号： E132.3
- 网络出版：2025-12-04，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-04
- 稿件说明：
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王东升, 刘飏, 张金川, 刘珠江, 陈斐然, 郎岳, 周东升, 陈世敬, 苏泽昕, 仝忠正. 上扬子地块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩的氮富集机理与富氮页岩气成因[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(11): 2075-2090.

Wang Dongsheng, Liu Yang, Zhang Jinchuan, et al. Nitrogen enrichment mechanism and nitrogen-rich shale gas genesis of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale in the Upper Yangtze block[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(11): 2075-2090.
王东升, 刘飏, 张金川, 刘珠江, 陈斐然, 郎岳, 周东升, 陈世敬, 苏泽昕, 仝忠正. 上扬子地块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩的氮富集机理与富氮页岩气成因[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(11): 2075-2090. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202511006.

Wang Dongsheng, Liu Yang, Zhang Jinchuan, et al. Nitrogen enrichment mechanism and nitrogen-rich shale gas genesis of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale in the Upper Yangtze block[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2025, 46(11): 2075-2090. DOI： 10.7623/syxb202511006.

摘要

上扬子地块下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩有机碳含量高、发育厚度大、分布面积广

是页岩气资源潜在的有利层系

但该套页岩中氮气(N

)含量普遍较高

增加了地质勘探的风险。为揭示寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩的N

成因

对牛蹄塘组沉积期的海洋氮循环、无机氮分布及其控制因素和含氮化合物的热解模式开展了分析

并与贫N

的奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组沉积期页岩进行了对比。海洋氮循环重建表明

牛蹄塘组页岩沉积期

陆架相和斜坡相由于铵同化作用导致沉积水体/孔隙水中铵根(NH

)累积

尤其在斜坡相

浓度最高

而在五峰组—龙马溪组页岩沉积期

扬子海的氮循环以固氮作用为主

沉积水体/孔隙水中的NH

浓度受限。牛蹄塘组页岩中的无机氮元素含量从台地相、陆架相到斜坡相逐渐增高

至盆地相呈断崖式下降

这种空间变化受控于海洋环境中的NH

浓度和氧化-还原环境。含氮化合物的热解实验分析表明

页岩中的无机氮热解并释放N

主要发生在热演化程度相对较低的阶段

而有机氮热解并释放N

主要发生在热演化程度更高的阶段

两者之间的界限大约在等效镜质体反射率为3.4 % 处。牛蹄塘组页岩中的无机氮元素含量与N

含量的变化在空间上高度吻合

指示页岩中的无机氮热解可能对N

含量的增加发挥了关键作用。研究对开展中国南方地区下寒武统及其他高N

含量目的层系的页岩气勘查研究具有参考作用

对其他相似地区的页岩气勘探开发也具有借鉴意义。

Abstract

The Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale in the Upper Yangtze block is characterized with high total organic carbon (TOC) content

large thickness

and wide distribution

thus being ide

ntified as the potential favorable stratum for shale gas resources. However

the high nitrogen(N

)content in this shale sequence increases the geological exploration risks. To reveal the genesis mechanism of N

in the Cambrian Niutitang Formation shale

analyses were conducted on the marine nitrogen cycle

inorganic nitrogen distribution and its controlling factors

as well as the pyrolysis patterns of nitrogen-containing compounds during the depositional periods of Niutitang Formation

and a comparison was made with the N

-poor shales deposited in Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation. Reconstruction of the marine nitrogen cycle demonstrates that during the deposition of the Niutitang Formation shale

ammonium assimilation in both shelf and slope facies resulted in the accumulation of ammonium (NH

) in sedimentary waters or pore waters

with the highest NH

concentration observed in the slope facies. By contrast

during the deposition of the Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation shales

the nitrogen cycle in the Yangtze Sea was dominated by nitrogen fixation

thus limiting the concentration of NH

in sedimentary waters or pore waters. The content of inorganic nitrogen in the Niutitang Formation shale gradually increased from platform facies through shelf facies to slope facies

followed by a precipitous decline in basin facies. This spatial variation is controlled by the NH

concentration and redox conditions in the marine environment. Pyrolysis analysis of nitrogen-containing compounds indicates that N

release in shale is dominated by inorganic nitrogen decomposition at a low thermal maturity stage

and by organic nitrogen cracking at a higher thermal maturity stage

between which the transition is marked by the equivalent vitrinite reflectance of 3.4 %. As indicated by a strong positive correlation between the inorganic nitrogen content and N

concentration

e inorganic nitrogen decomposition during thermal evolution may have played a key role in increasing the N

concentration in the Niutitang Formation shale. These findings are of reference significance for the exploration and research of shale gas in the Lower Cambrian reservoirs and other N

-rich intervals in South China

and also provide valuable insights for the exploration and development of shale gas in other similar areas.

关键词

Keywords

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