The integration of electric vehicles with the power grid

harnessing the flexibility of power batteries

is crucial for building new energy systems and power grids. However

a pivotal challenge lies in leveraging power market incentives to foster large-scale and routine vehicle-to-grid（V2G）. Firstly

the trials of large-scale vehicle-to-grid interaction are summarized and the challenges are proposed；Then

the cutting-edge research is summarized from 4 perspectives：the classification of V2G strategies

technical routes

business models of V2G and data source. The future research directions are prospected based on practical exploration and cutting-edge research

and a differentiated power service scheme is highlighted；Finally

the content is concluded considering the current development of China’s electricity market

and policy recommendations are provided.