AC fault arcs

especially series fault arcs

are an important cause of fire in AC power supply systems. Their causes are complex

the production process is hidden

and the characteristic phenomena are not obvious. If not detected and dealt with in a timely manner

it may lead to catastrophic fires

posing a serious threat to personal safety and property. It first analyzes the mechanism and typical fault characteristics of AC fault arc hazards；secondly

the methods for detecting and locating fault arcs in AC power supply systems are systematically elaborated; finally

from the perspective of practical applications

the current urgent problems that need to be solved for AC power supply systems are pointed out

and future application scenarios and research directions for AC fault arc detection and fault arc localization are prospected.