廉嘉丽, 王大磊, 颜杰, et al. The progresses of lead carbon battery technology for grid-scale energy storage[J]. 2017, 19(3). DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1831.2017.03.005.
Energy storage is a critical technology for the development of renewable energy sources and smart grids.The lead carbon battery shows the excellent performance in the safety
economy and cycle performance
which has a broad prospect in energy storage applications compared to conventional lead-acid battery.This paper analyzes the development history and working principle of lead carbon batteries
and compares them with lead-acid batteries in four aspects: safety performance
electricity cost
cycle life and specific energy.Meanwhile
the recent energy storage applications of lead carbon batteries are introduced and the challenges for lead carbon battery are also discussed.