输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测

钟翠华; 杨秋佳; 刘庆林

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010

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输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测

综合 | 更新时间：2026-10-10

- 输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测
- Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects
- 人民珠江 2026年47卷第9期页码：97-105
- 作者机构：
  
  中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司，广东广州　510635
- 作者简介：
  
  钟翠华（1984—），女，高级工程师，主要从事水利、市政工程设计研究工作。
  刘庆林（1988—），男，高级工程师，主要从事地下结构与岩土工程设计研究工作。
- 基金信息：
  
  水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022116)
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010
  中图分类号： TV554
- 收稿：2026-01-06，
  
  修回：2026-02-09，
  
  录用：2026-02-09，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-25
- 稿件说明：
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钟翠华，杨秋佳，刘庆林.输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测［J］.人民珠江，2026，47（9）：97-105.

ZHONG Cuihua,YANG Qiujia,LIU Qinglin.Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):97-105.
钟翠华，杨秋佳，刘庆林.输水隧洞主支洞极小角度交汇下的数值模拟与施工监测［J］.人民珠江，2026，47（9）：97-105. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010.

ZHONG Cuihua,YANG Qiujia,LIU Qinglin.Numerical Simulation and Construction Monitoring for Minimal-Angle Intersection of Main and Branch Tunnels in Water Conveyance Projects[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):97-105. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.010.

摘要

输水隧洞工程中，平洞与支洞轴线偏离设计规范建议呈小交角布置，是施工中常见的技术难题。以环北部湾广东水资源配置工程高鹤段合江支洞为依托，针对主支洞交角小于30°的极小角度交汇施工难题开展研究。通过系统分析，提出了“支洞二次衬砌优先于主洞开挖”的工序控制策略。基于Midas NX有限元软件构建三维数值模型，结合现场动态监测数据与典型工程案例进行对比验证，结果表明该极小角度交汇方案具有可行性。研究表明，通过科学的地质研判、精准的数值模拟、动态的监测反馈及支护参数优化，可有效控制交汇区围岩变形与施工风险。最终提出了“地质分析-数值模拟-动态监测”综合性的应对策略，为复杂地质条件下极小角度主支洞交汇隧洞的设计与施工提供了应对思路与工程范例。

Abstract

In water conveyance tunnel construction

the layout of branch tunnels intersecting with the main tunnel at small angles—often deviating from design code recommendations—has long been a prevalent technical challenge. According to Article 4.6.8 of the Chinese industry specification for water conservancy (SL 303—2017)

the intersection angle between the axes of a horizontal tunnel or branch adit and that of the main tunnel shall generally not be less than 45°. In practice

however

due to constraints such as complex geological conditions

limited construction space

and topographical restrictions

it is often difficult to meet this requirement

necessitating feasible construction schemes for small-angle intersections under non-standard conditions. Focusing on the Hejiang Branch Tunnel of the Gaobe Section in the Guangdong Water Resources Allocation Project around the Beibu Gulf

this study investigates the construction difficulties associated with a minimal-angle intersection where the included angle between the main tunnel and branch tunnel is less than 30°. Through systematic analysis of the geological characteristics of the intersection area

the mechanical response of surrounding rock during construction

and the influence of different construction sequences on tunnel structural stability

this research proposes a scientific process control strategy of "prioritizing the secondary lining of the branch tunnel over the excavation of the main tunnel." This approach breaks from the traditional sequence by reinforcing the branch tunnel first to provide stable structural support for subsequent main tunnel excavation. To verify the proposed strategy

a refined three-dimensional numerical model of the tunnel intersection area was established using Midas NX finite element software

fully simulating the actual construction process and the stress-strain behavior of surrounding rock. Comparative validation was then conducted by integrating real-time dynamic monitoring data obtained from on-site construction with typical engineering case experiences. The multi-faceted verification results demonstrate that the proposed construction scheme for a minimal-angle intersection of main and branch tunnels exhibits good technical feasibility and engineering applicability

effectively reducing disturbance to the surrounding rock mass. Further research indicates that through comprehensive measures including in-depth geological assessment of the project area

accurate numerical simulation and optimization of construction schemes

real-time dynamic monitoring feedback

and reasonable optimization of support parameters based on monitoring results

the surrounding rock deformation and construction risks in the intersection zone can be effectively controlled. Finally

a comprehensive and systematic response strategy of "geological analysis—numerical simulation—dynamic monitoring" is proposed

forming a complete technical system from preliminary geological investigation and scheme design to on-site construction implementation and dynamic adjustment. This research provides practical solution ideas and technical references for similar tunnel engineering projects

and offers a valuable engineering example for the design and construction of tunnels with minimal-angle main-branch intersections under complex geological conditions.

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references

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