1.云南省水文水资源局临沧分局,云南 临沧 677000
2.云南省水安全保障重点实验室(筹),云南 昆明 650100
周怀兰(1987—),女,主要从事水质水生态评价及水资源保护方面研究。
王凯(1984—),男,高级工程师,主要从事水文水资源及水生态保护方面研究。
收稿:2026-01-04,
修回:2026-02-07,
录用:2026-02-14,
网络首发:2026-03-16,
纸质出版:2026-09-25
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周怀兰,王凯,段路松,等.西南山区季节性河流生态流量与水环境承载能力耦合研究[J].人民珠江,2026,47(9):44-55.
ZHOU Huailan,WANG Kai,DUAN Lusong,et al.Coupling Study on Ecological Flow and Water Environment Carrying Capacity of Seasonal Rivers in Southwest Mountainous Areas[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):44-55.
周怀兰,王凯,段路松,等.西南山区季节性河流生态流量与水环境承载能力耦合研究[J].人民珠江,2026,47(9):44-55. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.005.
ZHOU Huailan,WANG Kai,DUAN Lusong,et al.Coupling Study on Ecological Flow and Water Environment Carrying Capacity of Seasonal Rivers in Southwest Mountainous Areas[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):44-55. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.005.
为探究西南山区季节性河流生态流量差异与水环境承载能力之间的矛盾问题,以南汀河为研究对象,运用多种评估方法与一维纵向模型,构建生态流量驱动与水环境承载力约束的动态耦合体系,分析3个典型断面的生态流量及其对应的水环境容量与承载能力。结果表明:不同方法计算的生态流量结果存在明显差异,对水环境容量影响较大,不同生态流量条件下的水环境容量极值比为1.7~2.8倍;南汀河水质年际月际分布差异显著,主要影响因子有总磷、BOD
5
、NH
3
-N、COD
Mn
;基于水环境承载力良好状态,差异化确定大文、GLH、DWJ的生态流量分别为2.77 m³/s(FDC法)、12.6 m³/s(Qp法)、25.3 m³/s(7Q10法),占各断面多年平均流量的21.5%、14.6%、15.4%;在确定的生态流量条件下,以0.8倍水环境容量为预警阈值,并模拟水质浓度及评价,提出各断面需重点关注的水质指标,验证了差异化确定评估河段的生态流量成果可靠。研究结果可为区域河流的水生态保护与水污染防治提供参考。
To investigate the contradictions between ecological flow differences and water environment carrying capacity in seasonal rivers in Southwest China's mountainous areas
this study takes the Nanting River as the research subject and employs multiple assessment methods combined with a one-dimensional longitudinal model
to construct a dynamic coupling system of ecological flow drivers and water environment carrying capacity constraints. It analyzes the ecological flow
corresponding water environment capacity
and carrying capacity at three typical cross-sections. The results show: ①Ecological flow results calculated by different methods exhibit significant differences
with flow variations having a decisive impact on water environment capacity and carrying capacity evaluations; the extreme ratio of water environment capacity under different ecological flow conditions ranges from 1.7 to 2.8 times. The determination of river ecological flow should comprehensively consider water environment functions and influencing factors of carrying capacity
as relying solely on single-method calculations demonstrates partiality. ②The variability in ecological flow calculation methods highlights that
under determined river morphology
gradient
roughness
and sediment characteristics
flow rate is a critical variable. ③The Nanting River shows significant annual and monthly variations in water quality
with relatively low monthly excellent water quality proportions. The water environment quality in the mid-lower reaches is significantly better than that in the upper reaches
primarily influenced by total phosphorus (TP)
BOD
5
NH
3
-N
and COD
Mn
. ④Based on optimal water environment carrying capacity
differentiated ecological flows for the Dawen
GLH
and DWJ sections were determined as 2.77 m³/s (FDC method)
12.6 m³/s (Qp method)
and 25.3 m³/s (7Q10 method)
respectively
accounting for 21.5%
14.6%
and 15.4% of the multi-year average flows at each section. The satisfaction level of the river section's ecological flow determined by daily average flow is 98.5%–100%. ⑤With a 0.8-fold water environment capacity as a warning threshold and simulated water quality concentration evaluations
key water quality indicators for each section were identified: total phosphorus
BOD
5
and NH
3
-N for the
Dawen section; and total phosphorus for the GLH and DWJ sections. ⑥Under optimal water environment carrying capacity conditions
the differentiated ecological flow determination for the assessed river section demonstrates reliable outcomes
with corresponding water environment capacities deemed appropriate.Water management authorities should implement differentiated ecological flow scheduling strategies based on hydrological
water quality
and ecological function variations across sections
implementing segmented ecological flow control. When ecological flow requirements are unmet
enhanced engineering scheduling should be coordinated with basin-wide water resource allocation to ensure ecological flow and water environment carrying capacity synergies. The research findings provide reference for regional river ecological protection and water pollution prevention.
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