西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710000
张思聪(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方向研究。
黄领梅(1972—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事水文学及水资源方向研究。
收稿:2026-03-31,
修回:2026-05-11,
录用:2026-05-12,
网络首发:2026-05-15,
纸质出版:2026-09-25
移动端阅览
张思聪,黄领梅.基于CMIP6不同情景的灞河流域未来径流变化预估[J].人民珠江,2026,47(9):25-33.
ZHANG Sicong,HUANG Lingmei.Prediction of Future Runoff Changes in the Bahe River Basin Based on Different Scenarios from CMIP6[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):25-33.
张思聪,黄领梅.基于CMIP6不同情景的灞河流域未来径流变化预估[J].人民珠江,2026,47(9):25-33. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.003.
ZHANG Sicong,HUANG Lingmei.Prediction of Future Runoff Changes in the Bahe River Basin Based on Different Scenarios from CMIP6[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):25-33. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.003.
气候变化深刻影响区域水循环,预估未来径流变化对水资源规划具有重要意义。基于CMIP6中6种全球气候模式输出数据,采用Delta分位数偏差校正与多模式集合平均法构建未来气候情景数据集,耦合SWAT分布式水文模型,系统评估SSP126、SSP245、SSP585三种情景下,2026—2100年灞河流域降水、气温及径流的时空演变特征。未来流域降水量呈增加趋势,SSP585情景远期增幅达20.8%,最高、最低气温持续上升,SSP585情景远期分别升温4.56℃、4.28℃;径流年际呈阶段化分异,远期SSP126、SSP585径流均值达11.05、11.26 m³/s,SSP245平稳波动;径流年内为单峰型分布,峰值出现在9月,高排放情景下丰水期径流增加更突出。灞河流域气候要素变化与排放强度密切相关,高排放路径会显著加剧气候要素及径流的年际波动与极端性,低排放路径可有效抑制变率增大,不同排放情景对径流年内分配的影响在丰水期更为显著。
Climate change profoundly affects regional water cycle processes; scientifically projecting future runoff changes is of great practical significance for watershed water resource planning and management
flood control and disaster mitigation
and ecological security. This study utilizes output data from six representative global climate models within the Sixth International Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). A quantile delta bias correction method is applied to eliminate systematic model biases and improve the simulation capacity for extreme events
and a multi-model ensemble averaging approach is further employed to construct future climate scenario datasets
effectively reducing structural uncertainties inherent in individual models. On this basis
the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) distributed hydrological model is coupled to systematically evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and phased differentiation patterns of precipitation
temperature
and runoff in the Bahe River Basin from 2026 to 2100 under three typical emission pathways: SSP126 (low-forcing sustainable development scenario)
SSP245 (medium-forcing intermediate development scenario)
and SSP585 (high-forcing conventional development scenario). The results show that under all three scenarios
future precipitation in the basin exhibits an increasing trend
with the increment gradually growing over time; under the SSP585 scenario
the precipitation increase reaches as high as 20.8% in the far future
and interannual variability intensifies significantly with rising emission strength. Both maximum and minimum temperatures show continuous increases
reaching 4.56 ℃ and 4.28 ℃
respectively
under the SSP585 scenario in the far future
with notably increased temperature variability under the high-emission pathway. Runoff exhibits pronounced phased differentiation in its interannual variation: differences among scenarios are small in the near future but become increasingly pronounced in the medium to far future. In the far future
mean runoff values under SSP126 and SSP585 reach 11.05 m³/s and 11.26 m³/s
respectively
showing upward trends
while runoff under SSP245 exhibits stable fluctuations. The intra-annual distribution of runoff follows a typical unimodal pattern
with the peak occurring in September; under the high-emission scenario
runoff increases during the wet season (May-September) are more prominent
whereas differences among scenarios during the dry season are relatively small. Comprehensive analysis shows that changes in climatic factors in the Bahe River Basin are closely related to the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions. The high-emission pathway significantly exacerbates interannual variability and extremity of climatic factors and runoff
thereby increasing flood risk
while the low-emission pathway effectively suppresses the increase in variability and maintains a relatively stable water cycle. The impacts of different emission scenarios on intra-annual runoff distribution are more pronounced during the wet season
providing a "scenario-response" decision-making basis for adaptive water resources management and flood regulation in the basin.
Lofgren B M . Methodological approaches to projecting the hydrologic impacts of climate change [J]. Earth Interactions , 2013 , 17 ( 22 ): 1 - 19 .
姜彤 , 孙赫敏 , 李修仓 , 等 . 气候变化对水文循环的影响 [J]. 气象 , 2020 , 46 ( 3 ): 289 - 300 .
Jiang Tong , Sun Hemin , Li Xiucang , et al . Impact of climate change on the hydrological cycle [J]. Meteorology , 2020 , 46 ( 3 ): 289 - 300 . (in Chinese)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change . climate change 2021: the physical science basis [R]. Contribution of working group I to the sixth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press , 2021 .
刘俊国 , 陈鹤 , 田展 . IPCC AR6报告解读:气候变化与水安全 [J]. 气候变化研究进展 , 2022 , 18 ( 4 ): 405 - 413 . doi: 10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.051 http://dx.doi.org/10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2022.051
Liu Junguo , Chen He , Tian Zhan . Interpretation of IPCC AR6 report: climate change and water security [J]. Advances in climate change research , 2022 , 18 ( 4 ): 405 - 413 . (in Chinese)
杨石岭 , 陈祚伶 , 黄晓芳 , 等 . 全球变暖对水循环的影响:回顾与展望 [J]. 第四纪研究 , 2024 , 44 ( 5 ): 1079 - 1092 . doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.05.01 http://dx.doi.org/10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.05.01
Yang Shiling , Chen Zuoling , Huang Xiaofang , et al . Impact of global warming on the water cycle: review and outlook [J]. Quaternary Research , 2024 , 44 ( 5 ): 1079 - 1092 . (in Chinese)
Abdelwahab O M M , Ricci G F , Gentile F , et al . Modelling the impact of climate change on runoff and sediment yield in Mediterranean basins: the Carapelle case study (Apulia, Italy) [J]. Frontiers in Water , 2025 , 7 ( 7 ). DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2025.1486644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2025.1486644 .
范雪薇 , 缪驰远 , 苟娇娇 , 等 . 国际耦合模式比较计划及其模拟能力研究进展 [J]. 地理科学进展 , 2023 , 42 ( 6 ): 1204 - 1215 . doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.06.015 http://dx.doi.org/10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.06.015
Fan Xuewei , Miao Chiyuan , Gou Jiaojiao , et al . Progress in the international coupled model intercomparison project and its simulation capability research [J]. Advances in Geographical Science , 2023 , 42 ( 6 ): 1204 - 1215 . (in Chinese)
Yu Tiantian , Chen Wen , Gong Hainan , et al . Comparisons between CMIP5 and CMIP6 models in simulations of the climatology and interannual variability of the east Asian summer Monsoon [J]. Climate Dynamics , 2023 , 60 ( 7/8 ): 2183 - 2198 .
向怡衡 , 彭涛 , 殷志远 , 等 . 基于多模式降水与水文模型的径流预报不确定性分析 [J]. 水科学进展 , 2025 , 36 ( 4 ): 621 - 633 . doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2025.04.007 http://dx.doi.org/10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2025.04.007
Xiang Yiheng , Peng Tao , Yin Zhiyuan , et al . Uncertainty analysis of runoff forecasting based on multi-mode precipitation and hydrological model [J]. Advances in Water Science , 2025 , 36 ( 4 ): 621 - 633 . (in Chinese)
谢子琪 , 袁飞 , 周梦瑶 , 等 . 集合CMIP6多气候模式的南水北调中线工程水源区径流预估 [J]. 水电能源科学 , 2022 , 40 ( 7 ): 19 - 22,9 .
Xie Ziqi , Yuan Fei , Zhou Mengyao , et al . Runoff prediction in the water source area of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project based on an ensemble of CMIP6 multi-climate models [J]. Journal of Hydropower and Energy Sciences , 2022 , 40 ( 7 ): 19 - 22,9 . (in Chinese)
何旭 , 缪子梅 , 田佳西 , 等 . 基于CMIP 6多模式的长江流域气温、降水与径流预估 [J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) , 2024 , 48 ( 2 ): 1 - 8 . doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203028 http://dx.doi.org/10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202203028
He Xu , Miao Zimei , Tian Jiaxi , et al . Prediction of temperature, precipitation, and runoff in the Yangtze River basin based on CMIP 6 multimodels [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition) , 2024 , 48 ( 2 ): 1 - 8 . (in Chinese)
郝帅 , 张洪波 , 杨佳雯 , 等 . 未来气候情景下秦岭北麓水资源涵养区径流组分的结构性演化 [J]. 水资源保护 , 2025 , 41 ( 4 ): 169 - 179 .
Hao Shuai , Zhang Hongbo , Yang Jiawen , et al . Structural evolution of runoff components in water resource conservation areas at the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains under future climate scenarios [J]. Water Resources Protection , 2025 , 41 ( 4 ): 169 - 179 . (in Chinese)
王辉源 , 宋进喜 , 吴琼 . 未来气候及土地利用变化对水源涵养量的影响 [J]. 水土保持学报 , 2023 , 37 ( 5 ): 226 - 234 .
Wang Huiyuan , Song Jinxi , Wu Qiong . Impact of future climate and land use changes on water conservation capacity [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , 2023 , 37 ( 5 ): 226 - 234 . (in Chinese)
Zhou Jiayue , Lu Hui , Yang Kun , et al . Projection of China's future runoff based on the CMIP6 mid-high warming scenarios [J]. Science China Earth Sciences , 2023 , 66 ( 3 ): 528 - 546 .
李佳 , 黄领梅 , 申奥 , 等 . 海河流域极端降水时空演变特征及未来趋势分析 [J]. 人民珠江 , 2025 , 46 ( 9 ): 84 - 94 .
Li Jia , Huang Lingmei , Shen Ao , et al . Analysis of spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and future trends of extreme precipitation in the Haihe River Basin [J]. Pearl River , 2025 , 46 ( 9 ): 84 - 94 . (in Chinese)
胡胜 , 杨冬冬 , 吴江 , 等 . 基于数字滤波法和SWAT模型的灞河流域基流时空变化特征研究 [J]. 地理科学 , 2017 , 37 ( 3 ): 455 - 463 .
Hu Sheng , Yang Dongdong , Wu Jiang , et al . Study on the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of base flow in the Bahe River Basin based on digital filtering method and SWAT model [J]. Geographical Science , 2017 , 37 ( 3 ): 455 - 463 . (in Chinese)
王战平 . 灞河流域水文特性分析 [J]. 水资源与水工程学报 , 2009 , 20 ( 5 ): 176 - 179 .
Wang Zhanping . Analysis of hydrological characteristics in the Bahe River Basin [J]. Journal of Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering , 2009 , 20 ( 5 ): 176 - 179 . (in Chinese)
马新萍 , 白红英 , 侯钦磊 , 等 . 1959年至2010年秦岭灞河流域径流量变化及其影响因素分析 [J]. 资源科学 , 2012 , 34 ( 7 ): 1298 - 1305 .
Ma Xinping , Bai Hongying , Hou Qinlei , et al . Analysis of runoff variation and its influencing factors in the Qinling Bahe River Basin from 1959 to 2010 [J]. Resources Science , 2012 , 34 ( 7 ): 1298 - 1305 . (in Chinese)
Cannon Alex J , Sobie Samantha R , Murdock Trevor Q , et al . Bias correction of GCM precipitation by quantile mapping: how well do methods preserve changes in quantiles and extremes? [J]. Journal of Climate , 2015 , 28 ( 17 ): 6938 - 6959 .
Li Shan , Li Junkai , Xia Jing , et al . Optimal control of nonpoint source pollution in the Bahe River Basin, Northwest China, based on the SWAT model [J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research , 2021 , 28 ( 32 ): 43894 - 43907 .
李慧 , 邓佳伟 , 李亚鑫 , 等 . 秦岭北麓典型流域径流对气候和土地利用变化的响应:以灞河流域为例 [J]. 生态环境学报 , 2024 , 33 ( 5 ): 802 - 811 .
Li Hui , Deng Jiawei , Li Yaxin , et al . response of runoff to climate and land use changes in a typical watershed at the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains: A case study of the Bahe River Basin [J]. Ecological Environment , 2024 , 33 ( 5 ): 802 - 811 . (in Chinese)
Moriasi D N , Arnold J G , Liew M W V , et al . Model evaluation guidelines for systematic quantification of accuracy in watershed simulations [J]. Transactions of the Asabe , 2007 , 50 ( 3 ): 885 - 900 .
0
浏览量
8
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621