1.南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,广西 南宁 530001
2.南宁师范大学广西地表过程与智能 模拟重点实验室,广西 南宁 530001
3.河海大学水灾害防御全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210098
4.南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院,广西 南宁 530100
童凯(1982—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事流域水文过程等研究工作。
收稿:2025-12-06,
修回:2026-01-21,
录用:2026-01-27,
网络首发:2026-01-30,
纸质出版:2026-09-25
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童凯,龙璐瑶.1961—2023年广西十万大山南北侧降水特征差异研究[J].人民珠江,2026,47(9):1-9.
TONG Kai,LONG Luyao.Differences in Precipitation Characteristics between the Northern and Southern Sides of the Shiwandashan Mountain, Guangxi from 1961 to 2023[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):1-9.
童凯,龙璐瑶.1961—2023年广西十万大山南北侧降水特征差异研究[J].人民珠江,2026,47(9):1-9. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.001.
TONG Kai,LONG Luyao.Differences in Precipitation Characteristics between the Northern and Southern Sides of the Shiwandashan Mountain, Guangxi from 1961 to 2023[J].PEARL RIVER,2026,47(09):1-9. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2026.09.001.
广西十万大山是西江水系和北部湾河流的分水岭,南北侧气候差异显著。基于8个气象站1961—2023年实测日降水数据,采用降水集中指数和RClimDex软件等分析了十万大山南北侧降水量、降水集中度和极端降水特征。结果表明:①1961—2023年十万大山南/北侧年均降水量、昼降水量和夜降水量分别为2 600.4 mm、1 245.4 mm;1 217.3 mm、664.3 mm;1 383.1 mm、581.1 mm,南侧降水远高于北侧降水;②十万大山年内降水具有一定集中性,南侧降水集中指数为17.2%~18.2%,仅略高于北侧的14.6%~16.8%;降水集中的5—10月,南侧和北侧降水分别占全年降水的79.1%和72.9%;③除最大连续干旱日数外,十万大山南侧极端降水指数均高于北侧。南北侧降水量、降水集中指数、极端降水指数趋势均未通过显著性检验,即十万大山南北侧降水没有明显变化。受地形阻隔作用,广西十万大山南北侧降水特征差异明显。研究为区域水资源高效利用和防灾减灾提供科学依据。
Shiwandashan Mountain forms the watershed between the Xijiang River system and the rivers flowing into the Beibu Gulf. There are significant climatic differences between the northern and southern sides of the mountain. Precipitation characteristics on the northern and southern sides of the mountain were analysed using the precipitation concentration index (PCI) and the RClimDex software
based on daily precipitation data from eight meteorological stations during 1961—2023. The results showed
that: ①From 1961 to 2023
the mean annual
daytime and night-time precipitation on the southern and northern sides of the mountain were 2 600.4 mm
1 217.3 mm and 1 383.1 mm
respectively
indicating substantially higher precipitation on the southern side. Annual and daytime/night-time precipitation on the southern side showed a non-significant decreasing trend
whereas those on the northern side showed a non-significant increasing trend. ②The PCI on the southern side ranged from 17.2% to 18.2%
which was slightly higher than on the northern side (14.6% to 16.8%). From May to October
the southern and northern sides accounted for 79.1% and 72.9% of the annual precipitation total
respectively. The highest precipitation on the southern side occurred in July
reaching 562.9 mm and accounting for 21.1% of the annual total. On the northern side
the highest precipitation occurred in August
reaching 226.7 mm and accounting for 18.3% of the annual total. The lowest precipitation occurred in December on both sides
with values of 34.5 mm and 22.4 mm respectively
accounting for less than 2% of annual precipitation. The southern side's precipitation concentration index showed obvious interannual fluctuations
with an overall trend of 0.028% per year from 1961 to 2023. The interannual fluctuations of the precipitation concentration index on the northern side (10.7%~20.7%) were smaller than on the southern side and showed an overall downward trend of -0.012% per year from 1961 to 2023. However
trends on both sides did not pass the significance test (
P
>
0.05). ③Except for CDD (maximum consecutive dry days)
all extreme precipitation indices on the southern side were higher than those on the northern side. Overall
the extreme precipitation indices on the southern side showed a decreasing trend
while those on the northern side showed an increasing trend. On the southern side
all indices except CDD exhibited negative trends
while CDD exhibited a positive trend (0.020 day/a). On the northern side
ex
cept for CWD
which exhibited a negative trend of -0.004 days per year
the other seven extreme precipitation indices exhibited positive trends. However
none of these trends were statistically significant
indicating that there were no significant changes in extreme precipitation on either the southern or northern sides of the Shiwandashan Mountain. Due to the terrain's blocking effect
there were significant differences in precipitation characteristics between the southern and northern sides of the Shiwandashan Mountain. This study provides a scientific basis for the efficient utilisation of water resources and disaster prevention and mitigation.
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