相变材料储热系统对大型火电机组调峰性能影响的研究

孙小奇; 李德波; 方立军; 金凤雏; 薛天华

doi:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.008

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相变材料储热系统对大型火电机组调峰性能影响的研究

新一代煤电灵活性调节技术 | 更新时间：2026-10-14

- 相变材料储热系统对大型火电机组调峰性能影响的研究
- Study on the impact of phase change material thermal storage systems on peak-shaving performance of large thermal power units
- 电力科技与环保 2026年42卷第4期页码：591-601
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华北电力大学动力工程系，河北保定 071003
  2.南方电网电力科技股份有限公司，广东广州 510080
  3.河北省低碳高效发电技术重点实验室（华北电力大学），河北保定 071003
- 作者简介：
  
  孙小奇(2000—)，女，硕士研究生，主要从事相变材料储热系统、相变换热器及火电机组调峰性能研究，1781183891@qq.com；
  李德波（1983—），男，教授级高级工程师，主要从事煤粉燃烧理论、数值模拟和现场试验，煤粉燃烧高级数值模拟等方面的研究，ldbyx@126.com；
  方立军（1971—），男，副教授，主要从事洁净煤技术和大气污染物控制、太阳能光热利用技术等方面的研究，fanglijun@ncepu.edu.cn；
  金凤雏（1998—），女，工程师，主要从事沸腾传热强化及燃烧数值模拟等方面的研究， 919486154@qq.com；
  薛天华(1999—)，女，助理工程师，主要从事火电机组灵活性调节，金属燃料点火燃烧特性等方面的研究，xue.tian.hua@163.com。
- 基金信息：
  
  广东省能源产业科技创新项目
- DOI：10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.008
  中图分类号： TK11;TM621
- 收稿：2026-02-03，
  
  录用：2026-06-20，
  
  纸质出版：2026-08-15
- 稿件说明：
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孙小奇,李德波,方立军，等.相变材料储热系统对大型火电机组调峰性能影响的研究[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):591-601.

SUN Xiaoqi, LI Debo, FANG Lijun, et al. Study on the impact of phase change material thermal storage systems on peak-shaving performance of large thermal power units[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2026, 42(4):591-601.
孙小奇,李德波,方立军，等.相变材料储热系统对大型火电机组调峰性能影响的研究[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(4):591-601. DOI： 10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.008.

SUN Xiaoqi, LI Debo, FANG Lijun, et al. Study on the impact of phase change material thermal storage systems on peak-shaving performance of large thermal power units[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2026, 42(4):591-601. DOI： 10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.04.008.

摘要

目的

为提升大型火电机组的调峰灵活性与电网负荷响应能力，解决高比例新能源并网下传统燃煤机组深度调峰能力不足的问题，以某1 000 MW超超临界燃煤机组为对象，探索高温相变储热系统与机组热力循环的深度融合路径。

方法

基于EBSILON Professional 17.0仿真平台，构建机组-相变储热耦合热力模型，选用Al-12Si共晶合金为储热介质。储热阶段设计3种抽汽方案（A：主蒸汽；B：再热蒸汽；C：主+再热蒸汽），释热阶段设计3种回热路径（a：除氧水至低压缸入口；b：3号高加入口→1号高加出口；c：3号低加入口→1号高加出口），组合成9种耦合方案，从调峰容量、热效率、标准煤耗、烟效率及往返效率等维度进行综合对比。

结果

结果表明，A-b方案综合性能最优：在90 MW储-释热负荷下，调峰容量达173.95 MW，烟效率为43.92%，往返效率为50.10%，均优于其他方案，且标准煤耗最低。储热方案中，A方案调峰容量最大；释热方案中，b方案调峰性能与热效率均最优。

结论

合理选取主蒸汽储热与高压回热释热路径，可在保障机组安全运行的前提下，显著拓宽负荷调节区间、提升爬坡速率，为大型火电机组灵活性改造及新能源消纳提供可行的技术路径。

Abstract

Objective

To enhance the peak-shaving flexibility and grid load response capability of large-scale thermal power units

and to address the issue of insufficient deep peak-shaving capacity of conventional coal-fired units under high-penetration renewable energy integration

this study explores a deep integration pathway between a high-temperature phase change thermal storage system and the thermodynamic cycle of a 1 000 MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired unit.

Methods

Based on the EBSILON Professional 17.0 simulation platform

a coupled unit-PCM thermal storage thermodynamic model was established with Al-12Si eutectic alloy selected as the thermal storage medium. Three steam extraction schemes were designed for the charging stage (A: main steam; B: reheat steam; C: main + reheat steam)

and three heat release paths were designed for the discharging stage (a: deaerated water to low-pressure cylinder inlet; b: No.3 HP heater inlet → No.1 HP heater outlet; c: No.3 LP heater inlet → No.1 HP heater outlet)

forming nine coupled schemes. Comprehensive comparisons were conducted from multiple perspectives

including peak-shaving capacity

thermal efficiency

standard coal consumption

exergy efficiency

and round-trip efficiency.

Results

The results indicate that Scheme A-b exhibits the best overall performance: at a 90 MW charging-discharging load

the peak-shaving capacity reaches 173.95 MW

with an exergy efficiency of 43.92% and a round-trip efficiency of 50.10%

all outperforming the other schemes

while achieving the lowest standard coal consumption. Among the charging schemes

Scheme A provides the largest peak-shaving capacity; among the discharging schemes

Scheme b demonstrates the optimal peak-shaving performance and thermal efficiency.

Conclusion

Reasonable selection of main steam thermal storage coupled with high-pressure regenerative heat release paths can significantly broaden the unit's load regulation range and enhance ramp rates under safe operation

offering a feasible technical pathway for flexibility retrofitting of large-scale thermal power units and renewable energy accommodation.

关键词

Keywords

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