直燃超临界二氧化碳燃气轮机热力循环的建立与研究

吴智泉; 陈洪溪; 张天博; 石䶮; 郝宁

doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250654

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直燃超临界二氧化碳燃气轮机热力循环的建立与研究

更新时间：2026-10-06

- 直燃超临界二氧化碳燃气轮机热力循环的建立与研究
- Establishment and Research of Direct-fired Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Gas Turbine Cycle
- 动力工程学报 2026年46卷第3期页码：40-52
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国联合重型燃气轮机技术有限公司,北京,100016
  2. 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司,上海,200240
- 作者简介：
  
  吴智泉(1974—),男,湖北武汉人,正高级工程师,博士生导师,研究方向为能源战略与气候变化应对、能源技术,E-mail:wuzhiquan@spic.com.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250654
  中图分类号：
- 网络首发：2026-03-10，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-10
- 稿件说明：
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吴智泉,陈洪溪,张天博,石䶮,郝宁. 直燃超临界二氧化碳燃气轮机热力循环的建立与研究动力工程学报, 2026, 46(3): 40-52 https://doi.

org/10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250654
吴智泉,陈洪溪,张天博,石䶮,郝宁. 直燃超临界二氧化碳燃气轮机热力循环的建立与研究动力工程学报, 2026, 46(3): 40-52 https://doi. DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250654.

org/10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250654 DOI：

摘要

新型电力系统高质量发展对低碳、调节型支撑电源提出了迫切需求。利用超临界二氧化碳物性特征

构建了具有零碳发电和调节功能的直燃超临界二氧化碳燃气轮机(SCGT)热力循环

并研究了热力循环特性、性能优化策略及其与新能源耦合应用场景。结果表明:SCGT净电效率为55.62%

净比功为794.7 kW/kg

与加装碳捕集与封存(CCS)设备的燃气轮机联合循环相比

净电效率提高4.56百分点

与Allam循环相比

净比功提高141%;燃烧室、透平和回热器分别占系统损失的58.99%、17.57%和7.87%

是净电效率损失的主要来源;增加透平进口温度对提高系统净电效率最为有利

保持进口条件不变

优化透平背压可获得净电效率最佳值;SCGT耦合压缩储能后

储能效率达70%左右

储能容量达28.6%

具有低燃料成本、高功率密度、长时储能的优势

符合新型电力系统发展需求。

Abstract

The high-quality development of new power systems has necessitated a significant supply of low-carbon and dispatchable power sources. According to the thermodynamic properties of supercritical carbon dioxide

a direct-fired supercritical carbon dioxide gas turbine (SCGT) thermal cycle was developed

enabling zero-carbon power generation and regulation functions. Thermodynamic cycle characteristics

performance optimization strategies and coupled application scenarios with new energy sources were investigated. Results show that SCGT achieves a net power generation efficiency of 55.62% and a specific output power of 794.7 kW/kg. Compared with gas turbine combined cycle equipped with carbon capture and storage (CCS) facility

SCGT shows an improvement of 4.56 percentage points in net power generation efficiency. Compared with Allam cycle

SCGT shows an improvement of 141% in specific output power. The combustor

turbine

and regenerator account for 58.99%

17.57%

and 7.87% of exergy loss in SCGT respectively

and constitute the primary sources of net power generation efficiency deficit. Increasing gas turbine inlet temperature proves most effective for improving power generation efficiency

and optimizing turbine backpressure enables the optimal power generation efficiency under constant inlet conditions. SCGT coupled with energy storage achieves an energy storage efficiency of around 70% and an energy storage capacity ratio of 28.6%. Owing to its advantages of low fuel cost

high power density and long-duration energy storage capability

SCGT technology is well-aligned with the development requirements of new power systems.

关键词

Keywords

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