新一代煤电背景下机组最小出力与煤耗的分析研究

马达夫; 马元礼; 林晓真; 范诚豪; 周文台; 吕晓东; 张守玉; 刘平元; 吕俊复

doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250439

欢迎来到能源电力期刊网！

English Version 期刊登录

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

新一代煤电背景下机组最小出力与煤耗的分析研究

煤电机组清洁低碳高效运行与智能调峰专题 | 更新时间：2026-07-16

- 新一代煤电背景下机组最小出力与煤耗的分析研究
- Analytical Study of the Minimum Output and Coal Consumption of Units Under the Background of the Next-generation Coal-fired Power Generation
- 动力工程学报 2026年46卷第7期页码：193-204
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司,上海,200240
  2. 青海桥头发电有限责任公司,青海,西宁,810100
  3. 上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海,200093
  4. 清华大学能源与动力工程系,北京,100084
- 作者简介：
  
  马达夫(1989—),男,湖南岳阳人,高级工程师,博士,研究方向为火电灵活性与燃烧优化,E-mail:madafu@speri.com.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250439
  中图分类号： TM621
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
马达夫, 马元礼, 林晓真, 范诚豪, 周文台, 吕晓东, 张守玉, 刘平元, 吕俊复. 新一代煤电背景下机组最小出力与煤耗的分析研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2026, 46(7): 193-204.
马达夫, 马元礼, 林晓真, 范诚豪, 周文台, 吕晓东, 张守玉, 刘平元, 吕俊复. 新一代煤电背景下机组最小出力与煤耗的分析研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2026, 46(7): 193-204. DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250439.

DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.250439

摘要

新型电力系统和新一代煤电概念的提出

预示着先进的煤电机组将基于15%~20%负荷进行设计和运行

因此其所能达到的最小出力和低负荷下的能耗是核心问题。针对以上两个问题

分析和研究了机组深度调峰的瓶颈及影响因素、现役和新建机组的最小出力、现役机组深度调峰下的煤耗以及新一代煤电机组的优化设计等。结果表明:管壁超温及金属疲劳损伤加剧、燃烧稳定性差和脱硝设备压力大是低负荷深度调峰危险性指数最高的3个问题;在20%~35%负荷区间内

300 MW和660~1 000 MW等级机组供电煤耗增加率分别为每%负荷2.6和9.2 g/(kW·h);由于湿态运行、燃料和工质并未等比例下降以及厂用电率升高等原因

某660 MW超超临界机组在15%~20%负荷下供电煤耗增加率高达每%负荷 31.2 g/(kW·h);对于容量≥600 MW的煤电机组

熔盐储热系统吸热过程中

原最小出力为20%和30%负荷的机组出力可相对分别减少20%和53%;建议机组在15%~20%负荷下仍保持干态运行

若需湿态运行则可通过减少给水量并采用循环泵系统

以降低煤耗;尽量采用300 MW等级机组进行超低负荷下的深度调峰。

Abstract

concept of the new electric power system and the new generation of coal power indicate that the advanced coal power units will be designed and operated based on 15%-20% load

so the minimum output and energy consumption under low loads are the core issues. In view of the above two problems

the bottleneck and influencing factors of units under deep peak shaving

the minimum output of existing and newly built units

the coal consumption under deep peak shaving of existing units

and the optimal design of the next-generation coal-fired power generation were analyzed and studied. Results show that the overtemperature of the pipe wall and metal fatigue damage

poor combustion stability

and high pressure of denitration equipment occupied the highest three risk indexes of low load deep peak shaving. In the 20%-35% load range

the coal consumption increase ratio of 300 MW and 660-1 000 MW units is 2.6 and 9.2 g/(kW·h) each percentage load

respectively. The coal consumption of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical unit at 15%-20% load increases by 31.2 g/(kW·h) each percentage load due to such as wet operation

disproportionate decreases for fuel and working medium flow rate

and the increased plant electricity consumption rate. For coal power units with capacity ≥600 MW

in the heat absorption process of molten salt heat storage system

the original minimum output of 20% and 30% load units can be reduced by 20% and 53%

respectively. It is suggested that the unit maintain dry operation under 15%-20% load

and reduce coal consumption by reducing water supply and adopting circulating pump system if wet operation is required. The 300 MW unit should be used as far as possible for deep peak regulation under ultra-low load.

关键词

Keywords

references

李政, 张东杰, 潘玲颖, 等. "双碳"目标下我国能源低碳转型路径及建议[J]. 动力工程学报, 2021, 41(11): 905-909, 971. LI Zheng, ZHANG Dongjie, PAN Lingying, et al. Low-carbon transition of China's energy sector and suggestions with the 'carbon-peak and carbon-neutrality' target[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2021, 41(11): 905-909, 971.

电力规划设计总院. 与新型电力系统发展相适应的煤电关键技术装备体系研究[R]. 北京: 电力规划设计总院,2024: 1.

刘吉臻, 杜忠明, 王庆华, 等. 新型电力系统下新一代煤电发展路径[J]. 新型电力系统, 2024, 2(4): 357-370. LIU Jizhen, DU Zhongming, WANG Qinghua, et al. Development paths for next-generation coal-fired power generation under new electric power systems[J]. New Type Power Systems, 2024, 2(4): 357-370.

马达夫, 张守玉, 何翔, 等. 煤粉锅炉超低负荷运行的技术问题和应对措施[J]. 动力工程学报, 2019, 39(10): 784-791, 803. MA Dafu, ZHANG Shouyu, HE Xiang, et al. Technical problems occurring in ultra-low load operation of pulverized coal-fired boilers and the solutions[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2019, 39(10): 784-791, 803.

MA Dafu, ZHANG Shouyu, HE Xiang, et al. Combustion stability and NOx emission characteristics of three combustion modes of pulverized coal boilers under low or ultra-low loads[J]. Applied Energy, 2024, 353: 121998.

马达夫, 何翔, 张守玉, 等. 燃用混煤的1000 MW旋流对冲锅炉宽负荷稳燃特性研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2021, 41(12): 1019-1026. MA Dafu, HE Xiang, ZHANG Shouyu, et al. Study on combustion stability of a 1000 MW swirl-opposed boiler with blending coal under wide load[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2021, 41(12): 1019-1026.

马达夫, 何翔, 吕为智, 等. 660 MW超临界W火焰锅炉低负荷稳燃特性研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2022, 43(1): 259-266. MA Dafu, HE Xiang, L Weizhi, et al. Investigations of combustion stability in a 660 MW supercritical W-flame boiler under low load[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2022, 43(1): 259-266.

宫啸宇, 蒋楠, 戴义平. 深度调峰运行时汽轮机低压叶片的安全性分析[J]. 热能动力工程, 2023, 38(9): 21-29. GONG Xiaoyu, JIANG Nan, DAI Yiping. Safety analysis of low-pressure turbine blades during deep peak shaving[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2023, 38(9): 21-29.

邵峰, 王志刚, 谭锐, 等. 深度调峰运行汽轮机低压缸气动性能分析[J]. 汽轮机技术, 2024, 66(4): 266-270. SHAO Feng, WANG Zhigang, TAN Rui, et al. Aerodynamic performance analysis of low pressure cylinder in deep peaking operation of steam turbine[J]. Turbine Technology, 2024, 66(4): 266-270.

刘航航, 张利孟, 孙加艳. 不同电力市场机制下煤电机组深度调峰能耗分析研究[J]. 能源与环保, 2024, 46(5): 210-216, 224. LIU Hanghang, ZHANG Limeng, SUN Jiayan. Analysis and research on energy consumption of coal-fired power units for deep peak shaving under different electricity market mechanisms[J]. China Energy and Environmental Protection, 2024, 46(5): 210-216, 224.

郭庆丰. 火电机组深度调峰经济性分析[J]. 湖南电力, 2019, 39(2): 21-24. GUO Qingfeng. Economic analysis of depth peak adjustment for thermal power units[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2019, 39(2): 21-24.

严新荣, 胡志勇, 张鹏威, 等. 煤电机组运行灵活性提升技术研究与应用[J]. 发电技术, 2024, 45(6): 1074-1086. YAN Xinrong, HU Zhiyong, ZHANG Pengwei, et al. Research and application of operation flexibility improvement technology for coal-fired power unit[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45(6): 1074-1086.

史鹏飞, 康朝斌, 王书超, 等. 某600 MW超临界空冷燃煤机组深度调峰运行热经济性研究[J]. 电力科技与环保, 2023, 39(2): 147-156. SHI Pengfei, KANG Chaobing, WANG Shuchao, et al. Study on thermal economy of a 600 MW supercritical air-cooled coal-fired unit for deep peak regulating operation[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2023, 39(2): 147-156.

吕游, 吴斌, 秦瑞钧, 等. 燃煤机组灵活运行性能评价及成本分析[J]. 热力发电, 2023, 52(12): 20-28. LYU You, WU Bin, QIN Ruijun, et al. Flexible operation performance evaluation and cost analysis of coal-fired units[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2023, 52(12): 20-28.

中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 电站锅炉性能试验规程: GB/T 10184—2015[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016.

陈海生, 李泓, 徐玉杰, 等. 2023年中国储能技术研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(5): 1359-1397. CHEN Haisheng, LI Hong, XU Yujie, et al. Research progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2023[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(5): 1359-1397.

刘吉臻, 王庆华, 张效宁, 等. 支撑我国能源转型的灵活燃煤发电新技术: 燃煤耦合储能系统及智能控制系统[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(17): 6855-6882. LIU Jizhen, WANG Qinghua, ZHANG Xiaoning, et al. Novel technologies of flexible coal-fired power generation to support China energy transition: coal-fired coupled energy storage system and smart control system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(17): 6855-6882.

宋晓辉, 韩伟, 王兴, 等. 基于高温熔盐储热系统的火电机组深度调峰方案对比及分析[J]. 热能动力工程, 2023, 38(11): 63-74, 83. SONG Xiaohui, HAN Wei, WANG Xing, et al. Comparison and analysis of deep peak shaving schemes for thermal power units based on high-temperature molten salt heat storage system[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2023, 38(11): 63-74, 83.

苗林, 刘明, 严俊杰. 燃煤机组集成熔盐储热系统释热过程的灵活性提升潜力及能效分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(15): 5964-5976. MIAO Lin, LIU Ming, YAN Junjie. Flexibility improvement potential and performance evaluation of coal-fired power plant integrated with molten salt thermal energy storage system during heat discharging process[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(15): 5964-5976.

景浩, 王登亮, 陈禄, 等. 蒸汽-烟气逐级加热熔盐储热系统耦合燃煤机组的灵活性与热力性能研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45(17): 6817-6827. JING Hao, WANG Dengliang, CHEN Lu, et al. Research on the flexibility and thermal performance of steam-flue gas stepwise heating molten salt thermal storage system coupled with coal-fired power plants[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45(17): 6817-6827.

KRVGER M, MUSLUBAS S, LOEPER T, et al. Potentials of thermal energy storage integrated into steam power plants[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(9): 2226.

ZHANG Kezhen, LIU Ming, ZHAO Yongliang, et al. Design and performance evaluation of a new thermal energy storage system integrated within a coal-fired power plant[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 50: 104335.

WANG Baigong, MA Huan, REN Shaojun, et al. Effects of integration mode of the molten salt heat storage system and its hot storage temperature on the flexibility of a subcritical coal-fired power plant[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 58: 106410.

MA Tingshan, LI Zhengkuan, L Kai, et al. Design and performance analysis of deep peak shaving scheme for thermal power units based on high-temperature molten salt heat storage system[J]. Energy, 2024, 288: 129557.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

熔盐储热系统集成方式对燃煤火电机组深度调峰和灵活性运行的影响研究

供热机组配置熔盐储热系统构型设计及性能分析

基于吸收式热泵解耦的燃煤热电联产机组辅助新能源消纳深度调峰特性研究

深度调峰下超临界火电机组蓄热量对煤耗的影响

基于混合有机工质的月球基地冷电联供系统热力特性研究