亚临界CFB机组压火期间气固流动与燃烧特性模拟研究

李东雄; 丰胤东; 成治瑾; 柳成亮; 魏绍青; 冯浩; 肖红亮; 宋海峰

doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.240794

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亚临界CFB机组压火期间气固流动与燃烧特性模拟研究

动力设备与系统 | 更新时间：2026-10-10

- 亚临界CFB机组压火期间气固流动与燃烧特性模拟研究
- Simulation Study on Gas-Solid Flow and Combustion Characteristics of Subcritical CFB Unit During Banked Fire
- 动力工程学报 2026年46卷第4期页码：1-11
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山西大学电力与建筑学院,山西,太原,030006
  2. 怀柔实验室山西研究院,山西,太原,030032
  3. 晋能控股电力集团有限公司,山西,太原,030002
  4. 北京怀柔实验室,北京,101400
- 作者简介：
  
  李东雄(1969—),男,山西大同人,副教授,研究方向为煤燃烧与污染物控制,E-mail:lidongx@sxu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  怀柔实验室项目(ZD2023008A)
- DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.240794
  中图分类号： TK229.6
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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李东雄, 丰胤东, 成治瑾, 柳成亮, 魏绍青, 冯浩, 肖红亮, 宋海峰. 亚临界CFB机组压火期间气固流动与燃烧特性模拟研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2026, 46(4): 1-11.
李东雄, 丰胤东, 成治瑾, 柳成亮, 魏绍青, 冯浩, 肖红亮, 宋海峰. 亚临界CFB机组压火期间气固流动与燃烧特性模拟研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2026, 46(4): 1-11. DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.240794.

DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2026.240794

摘要

随着可再生能源的快速发展

传统火电机组在负荷调节和应急响应中的灵活性要求不断提高。针对多地电厂开展CFB锅炉近零负荷调节过程中面临的平稳启动与安全运行问题

开展了压火及扬火再启动模拟研究

深入分析了气固流动、温度变化及氧气浓度变化规律

并探讨了这些因素对燃烧稳定性和安全性的影响。结果表明:压火期间

炉内仍伴随着逐渐减弱的燃烧反应

床料及未燃尽颗粒在停风停煤后向炉底沉降

导致CFB锅炉失去流化能力

炉膛底部氧气浓度显著下降

炉膛上部温度下降最明显

而底部温度变化较缓慢;压火前

NO浓度呈现底部高、上部低的分布

压火期间NO和CO在床层及其周围区域积聚

扬火时

积聚的NO被气流带至炉膛上部

引发排放瞬时超标;尽管压火过程中气流得以恢复

但底部氧气浓度的恢复滞后

局部氧气贫乏的情况仍可能导致燃烧不完全和CO析出;床温预测误差较小

且压火极限床温可以通过实时监测灵活调整

有效降低了操作过程中的安全风险。研究为优化CFB锅炉灵活运行模式下的操作策略和安全管理提供了参考。

Abstract

With the rapid development of renewable energy

the flexibility requirements of traditional thermal power units in load regulation and emergency response were increasing. Aiming at the problems of smooth start-up and safe operation in the process of near-zero load regulation of CFB boilers in many power plants

the simulation study of banked fire and ignition restart was carried out. The laws of gas-solid flow

temperature change and oxygen concentration change were analyzed in depth

and the influence of these factors on combustion stability and safety was discussed. Results show that the furnace is still accompanied by a gradually weakened combustion reaction during the banked fire period. The bed material and unburned particles settle to the bottom of the furnace after stopping the air and coal

resulting in the loss of fluidization capacity of the CFB boiler

the significant decrease of oxygen concentration at the bottom of the furnace

and the obvious decrease of temperature at the upper part of the furnace and slow change of the temperature at the bottom. Before the banked fire operation

the concentration of NO shows a distribution of high at the bottom and low at the upper part. During the banked fire period

NO and CO accumulate in the bed and the surrounding area. During the ignition

the accumulated NO is brought to the upper part of the furnace by the air flow

resulting in instantaneous excessive emission. Although the airflow can be restored during the banked fire process

the recovery of oxygen concentration at the bottom is delayed

and local oxygen deficiency may still lead to incomplete combustion and CO release. The bed temperature prediction error is small

and the bed temperature limit for banked fire can be flexibly adjusted through real-time monitoring

which effectively reduces the safety risk in the operation process. The research provides a model reference for optimizing the operation strategy and safety management of CFB boiler under flexible operation mode.

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