高压过冷沸腾水中的声传播特性

姜羽; 姜根山; 孙建浩; 周子舒; 刘月超

doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240564

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高压过冷沸腾水中的声传播特性

基础研究 | 更新时间：2026-10-10

- 高压过冷沸腾水中的声传播特性
- Acoustic Propagation Characteristics in High-pressure Subcooled Boiling Water
- 动力工程学报 2025年45卷第11期页码：1757-1766
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京,102206
  2. 华北电力大学数理学院,北京,102206
  3. 华北电力大学数理系,河北,保定,071003
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(12074118,12274122);河北省自然科学资助基金(A2019502160)
- DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240564
  中图分类号：
- 网络首发：2025-11-17，
  
  纸质出版：2025-11-17
- 稿件说明：
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姜羽,姜根山,孙建浩,周子舒,刘月超. 高压过冷沸腾水中的声传播特性动力工程学报, 2025, 45(11): 1757-1766 https://doi.

org/10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240564
姜羽,姜根山,孙建浩,周子舒,刘月超. 高压过冷沸腾水中的声传播特性动力工程学报, 2025, 45(11): 1757-1766 https://doi. DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240564.

org/10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240564 DOI：

摘要

为了提高核电站蒸汽发生器换热管道泄漏声学检测精度

对高压过冷沸腾水中的声传播特性进行了研究。假设所有气泡半径相同

单位体积高压过冷沸腾水中的气泡数量相同

对单个气泡的消声截面进行计算。同时

针对蒸汽发生器过冷沸腾区

在6.89 MPa的高压下探究声波频率、气泡体积分数、气泡半径及温度对声速和衰减系数的影响。结果表明

声速与衰减系数随入射波频率的增大先增大后减小。气泡体积分数是决定高压过冷沸腾水中声速的关键因素

气泡的存在使声速明显减小

甚至低于饱和蒸汽中的声速。在高温高压下

衰减系数与声波频率、气泡体积分数、气泡半径均呈正相关。气泡体积分数一定时

温度由255 ℃升至284 ℃

声波衰减系数增加约2倍。

Abstract

To improve the accuracy of acoustic detection of leaks in heat-exchange pipes in nuclear power plant steam generators

the characteristics of sound propagation in high-pressure subcooled boiling water were studied. It was assumed that all bubbles have the same radius and that the number of bubbles per unit volume is the same in high-pressure subcooled boiling water

so as to calculate the anechoic cross-section of a single bubble. Meanwhile

for the subcooled boiling zone of the steam generator

the effects of acoustic frequency

bubble volume fraction

bubble radius

and temperature on the sound speed and attenuation coefficient were investigated at a high pressure of 6.89 MPa. Results show that the sound speed and attenuation coefficient increase at first and then decrease with an increase the frequency of incident wave. The bubble volume fraction is a key factor in determining sound speed in subcooled boiling water at high pressure

and the presence of bubbles can significantly reduce the sound speed

even causing it to fall below the sound speed in saturated vapor. Under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions

the attenuation coefficient positively correlates with the acoustic wave frequency

bubble volume fraction

and bubble radius. When the volume fraction of bubbles is constant

the attenuation coefficient is increased by about 2 times as the temperature rises from 255 ℃ to 284 ℃.

关键词

Keywords

references

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