燃煤锅炉中飞灰和炉渣分化规律研究

刘奇; 梁宇; 张洪; 王明星; 杨坤; 林颖; 魏炜; 王倩

doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240317

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燃煤锅炉中飞灰和炉渣分化规律研究

动力设备与系统 | 更新时间：2026-10-10

- 燃煤锅炉中飞灰和炉渣分化规律研究
- Study on the Differentiation Pattern into Fly Ash and Bottom Ash in a Coal-fired Boiler
- 动力工程学报 2025年45卷第8期页码：1202-1210
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山西煤电(集团)有限责任公司,山西,太原,030053
  2. 中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏,徐州,221116
  3. 江苏新海发电有限公司,江苏,连云港,222023
- 作者简介：
  
  刘奇(1981—),男,山西霍州人,副总经理,硕士,研究方向为煤炭洗选加工管理,E-mail:517906079@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金-山西低碳联合基金资助项目(U1510106);山西焦煤能源集团股份有限公司西山分公司资助项目(23140109202301G)
- DOI：10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240317
  中图分类号：
- 网络首发：2025-08-12，
  
  纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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刘奇,梁宇,张洪,王明星,杨坤,林颖,魏炜,王倩. 燃煤锅炉中飞灰和炉渣分化规律研究动力工程学报, 2025, 45(8): 1202-1210 https://doi.

org/10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240317
刘奇,梁宇,张洪,王明星,杨坤,林颖,魏炜,王倩. 燃煤锅炉中飞灰和炉渣分化规律研究动力工程学报, 2025, 45(8): 1202-1210 https://doi. DOI： 10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240317.

org/10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2025.240317 DOI：

摘要

采用重液浮沉法研究电站锅炉中煤粉矿物质形成飞灰与炉渣的分化规律。通过将入炉煤粉、飞灰和炉渣分离成密度为1.3~2.4 g/cm

的组分

利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析各密度子样组成和形貌

同时计算不同温度下液相的生成量。结果表明:煤粉颗粒密度均≥1.3 g/cm

密度在1.5~

1.8 g/cm

的颗粒产率高达40.3%;飞灰密度集中于≥1.7 g/cm

其中密度≥2.4 g/cm

的组分产率高达37.7%;炉渣颗粒密度多集中于2.1~

2.4 g/cm

;在电站锅炉中

煤粉中矿物质依据其存在状态首先形成不同粒度的煤灰颗粒

其中粒径小于10 μm的颗粒被烟气带出形成飞灰

粒径大于50 μm的颗粒沉降为炉渣

粒径为10~50 μm的颗粒发生碰撞

其中易熔颗粒发生黏结、长大

转化为炉渣。

Abstract

The differentiation patterns of pulverized-coal minerals into fly ash and bottom ash in power plant boilers were investigated using heavy liquid float-sink separation. By separating the pulverized coal

fly ash

and bottom ash into density fractions of 1.3-2.4 g/cm

X-ray diffraction (XRD)

X-ray fluorescence (XRF)

and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the composition and morphology of each density sub sample

and the generation of liquid phase at different temperatures was calculated. Results show that pulverized-coal particle density is ≥1.3 g/cm

and the yield of particles with density of 1.5-

1.8

g/cm

is as high as 40.3%. The density of fly ash is concentrated at ≥1.7 g/cm

with a density component content of up to 37.7% for densities ≥2.4 g/cm

. Bottom ash particles lies mostly in 2.1-

2.4 g/cm

. In boilers

coal minerals first form varying-sized ash particles based on their states

where particles below 10 μm become fly ash

those above 50 μm settle as bottom ash

and those between 10 and 50 μm may collide. Fusible ones in this intermediate size range coalesce and grow into bottom ash.

关键词

Keywords

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