电流限制下考虑暂态过电压约束的虚拟同步机暂态稳定性分析

丁少云; 李宇骏; 屠增泽; 杜正春; 胡佳; 尚慧玉; 刘婷; 丁施尹

doi:10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.260111

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电流限制下考虑暂态过电压约束的虚拟同步机暂态稳定性分析

理论分析 | 更新时间：2026-07-27

- 电流限制下考虑暂态过电压约束的虚拟同步机暂态稳定性分析
- Transient stability analysis of a virtual synchronous generator considering transient overvoltage constraints under current limitation
- 电力系统保护与控制 2026年54卷第13期
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- DOI：10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.260111
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- 纸质出版：2026
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丁少云, 李宇骏, 屠增泽, 等. 电流限制下考虑暂态过电压约束的虚拟同步机暂态稳定性分析[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2026,54(13).

DING Shaoyun, LI Yujun, TU Zengze, et al. Transient stability analysis of a virtual synchronous generator considering transient overvoltage constraints under current limitation[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2026, 54(13).
丁少云, 李宇骏, 屠增泽, 等. 电流限制下考虑暂态过电压约束的虚拟同步机暂态稳定性分析[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2026,54(13). DOI： 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.260111.

DING Shaoyun, LI Yujun, TU Zengze, et al. Transient stability analysis of a virtual synchronous generator considering transient overvoltage constraints under current limitation[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2026, 54(13). DOI： 10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.260111.

摘要

限流控制下虚拟同步发电机 (virtual synchronous generator

VSG) 并网系统在大扰动后的功角振荡和控制模式切换期间会出现暂态过电压现象。为揭示暂态过电压的产生机理，提高系统的暂态安全稳定运行能力。建立考虑电流限制的 VSG 并网系统相角切换模型，推导限流模式下并网点电压的解析表达式，并据此获得暂态过电压的相角边界。基于等面积法则，推导多场景下计及过电压约束的临界切除角表达式。在此基础上，提出以提升系统安全稳定运行能力为目标的最优饱和电流角配置方法。MATLAB/Simulink 仿真结果表明，临界切除角表达式能够准确计算暂态过电压限制下系统的暂态稳定边界，最优饱和电流角配置方法能在兼顾暂态功角稳定与电压安全的前提下使临界切除角最大，提高系统的安全稳定性。

Abstract

Under current-limiting control

grid-connected virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) may experience transient overvoltage during post-disturbance power angle oscillations and control mode switching. To reveal the mechanism of transient overvoltage generation and enhance the transient security and stability of the system

a phase-angle switching model of a current-limited VSG grid-connected system is established. An analytical expression for the point-of-common-coupling voltage under the current-limiting mode is derived

yielding the phase-angle boundary of the transient overvoltage. Based on the equal area criterion

the critical clearing angle (CCA) considering overvoltage constraints is derived for multiple scenarios. Furthermore

an optimal saturation current angle configuration method is proposed to improve the secure and stable operation capability of the system. MATLAB/Simulink simulations confirm that the derived CCA accurately captures the transient stability boundary under transient overvoltage constraints. Moreover

the proposed optimal method maximizes the CCA while simultaneously ensuring power angle stability and voltage security

thereby enhancing the overall security and stability of the system.

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references

HUANG L, XIN H, WANG Z, et al. Transient stability analysis and control design of droop-controlled voltage source converters considering current limitation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2017, 10(1): 578-591.

QORIA T, GRUSON F, COLAS F, et al. Current limiting algorithms and transient stability analysis of grid-forming VSCs[J]. Electric Power Systems Research, 2020, 189.

LI Y, LU Y, YANG J, et al. Transient stability of power synchronization loop based grid forming converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2023, 38(4): 2843-2859.

ROKROK E, QORIA T, BRUYERE A, et al. Transient stability assessment and enhancement of grid-forming converters embedding current reference saturation as current limiting strategy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2021, 37(2): 1519-1531.

YANG Z, WANG H, LIAO W, et al. Protection challenges and solutions for AC systems with renewable energy sources: a review[J]. Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems, 2024, 10(1): 18-39.

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