废弃光伏组件回收技术发展现状与展望

刘佳; 罗涛; 吴潇笑; 周刚; 李强

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202509086

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废弃光伏组件回收技术发展现状与展望

退役风光设备资源化利用专题 | 更新时间：2026-03-18

- 废弃光伏组件回收技术发展现状与展望
- 废弃光伏组件回收技术发展现状与展望
- 热力发电 2026年55卷第1期页码：1-10
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南京理工大学新能源学院
  2. 江阴秋毫检测有限公司
  3. 清华大学无锡应用技术研究院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（22308165）;江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金—青年基金项目（BK20230944）;江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（SJCX25＿0236）~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202509086
  中图分类号： TM615;X705
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]刘佳,罗涛,吴潇笑,等.废弃光伏组件回收技术发展现状与展望[J].热力发电,2026,55(01):1-10.
[1]刘佳,罗涛,吴潇笑,等.废弃光伏组件回收技术发展现状与展望[J].热力发电,2026,55(01):1-10. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202509086.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202509086.

摘要

随着光伏发电行业规模扩张和持续发展，未来几年光伏组件将迎来大规模退役，组件回收利用已成为全球能源可持续发展和循环经济体系的重要议题。退役的光伏组件富含硅、银、铝等高价值的贵金属元素，也存在铅、氟化物等有毒物质，若处理不当将对环境和人类健康产生巨大的危害。总结了光伏发电行业发展现状和退役现状、光伏组件结构和主要构成材料及价值，分析比较了物理法、热处理法、化学法等回收技术的应用原理、优缺点，并调研了我国目前的回收技术进展；最后，对废弃光伏组件回收进行系统总结与展望，为光伏发电行业的低碳发展和资源循环利用提供科学依据与决策支持。

Abstract

With the expansion and continuous development of the photovoltaic power generation industry

photovoltaic modules will face large-scale decommissioning in the coming years

and the recycling of modules has become an important issue for global energy sustainability and the circular economy system. Decommissioned photovoltaic modules are rich in high-value precious metal elements such as silicon

silver

and aluminum

but also contain toxic substances such as lead and fluorides

which can cause significant harm to the environment and human health if not properly handled. The current development status and decommissioning status of the photovoltaic power generation industry

as well as the structure and main components and values of photovoltaic modules

are summarized. The principles

advantages

and disadvantages of recycling technologies such as physical methods

thermal treatment methods

and chemical methods are analyzed and compared. Moreover

the progress of recycling technologies in China is investigated. Finally

the recycling of waste photovoltaic modules is systematically summarized and prospected

providing a scientific basis and decision-making support for the low-carbon development and resource recycling of the photovoltaic power generation industry.

关键词

Keywords

references

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