电化学耦合燃煤烟气中二氧化碳与氮气合成尿素研究进展

房孝维; 孙瑜; 张光晋; 张雪华; 李兴华; 张杰; 朱树健

doi:10.19666/j.rlfd.202503016

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电化学耦合燃煤烟气中二氧化碳与氮气合成尿素研究进展

热能科学研究 | 更新时间：2026-03-18

- 电化学耦合燃煤烟气中二氧化碳与氮气合成尿素研究进展
- 电化学耦合燃煤烟气中二氧化碳与氮气合成尿素研究进展
- 热力发电 2026年55卷第1期页码：92-101
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安热工研究院有限公司
  2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所
  3. 国家能源费县发电有限公司
  4. 国家能源集团华北电力有限公司廊坊热电厂
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  西安热工研究院有限公司院研发基金项目（TD-24-TYK04）~~
- DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202503016
  中图分类号： TQ441.41;X773
- 纸质出版：2026
- 稿件说明：
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[1]房孝维,孙瑜,张光晋,等.电化学耦合燃煤烟气中二氧化碳与氮气合成尿素研究进展[J].热力发电,2026,55(01):92-101.
[1]房孝维,孙瑜,张光晋,等.电化学耦合燃煤烟气中二氧化碳与氮气合成尿素研究进展[J].热力发电,2026,55(01):92-101. DOI： 10.19666/j.rlfd.202503016.

DOI：10.19666/j.rlfd.202503016.

摘要

燃煤烟气中CO2与N2的高效资源化利用是推动能源系统低碳转型的重要途径。电化学法耦合烟气中CO2与N2直接合成尿素，可在温和条件下将温室气体转化为高附加值化肥，兼具碳减排与资源循环双重效益。系统综述了该领域近期进展，通过异质结、导电MOF等新型催化剂设计优化反应路径，实现N2与CO2协同活化及C-N偶联效率提升，最高尿素法拉第效率达48%；未来突破需聚焦仿生催化材料开发、光-电耦合系统集成以及绿电驱动下碳捕集-转化-产物分离一体化工艺创新；从技术原理、工程挑战及产业衔接层面，论证了电催化尿素合成在煤电碳氮协同治理中的关键作用，为推进其规模化应用提供前瞻性策略思考。

Abstract

The efficient valorization of CO2 and N2 from power plant flue gas represents a critical pathway toward advancing the low-carbon transition of energy systems. Electrochemical synthesis of urea by directly coupling CO2 and N2 in flue gas under ambient conditions offers dual benefits: converting greenhouse gases into high-value fertilizers while achieving carbon mitigation and resource recycling. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in this field

highlighting optimized reaction pathways through novel catalyst designs such as heterojunction catalysts and conductive MOFs

which enhance the synergistic activation of N2 and CO2 and improve C-N coupling efficiency

achieving a record Faradaic efficiency of 48% for urea production. Future breakthroughs should focus on developing bioinspired catalytic materials

integrating photo-electrocatalytic systems

and innovating renewable-powered integrated processes for carbon capture-conversion-product separation. By analyzing technical principles

engineering challenges

and industrial linkages

this work underscores the pivotal role of electrocatalytic urea synthesis in coordinated carbon-nitrogen management for coal-fired power plants

providing a forward-looking strategic thinking for scaling up this transformative technology.

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references

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