As the core equipment of supercritical carbon dioxide(S-CO_2) Brayton cycle

there is a lack of reliable evaluation and test verification of the overall performance. An in-depth simulation and performance analysis of one axial turbine are carried out

focusing on the impact of inlet and exhaust housings with experiment results for different operating conditions. The results show that the numerical calculation method and model are able to evaluate the performance at different load conditions more accurately. Compared with the test results

the maximum efficiency error is 1.77 percentage point and the flow rate error remains within 5.6%. The crown pattern can reduce leakage and mixing losses

and increase efficiency by 1.4 percentage point compared to the common top clearance pattern. Simulation results show that the efficiency of turbine unit is reduced compared to turbine stage

with a maximum reduction by 2.9 percentage point. The flow loss of inlet and exhaust housings is the main reason for the reduction. The research results can provide technical support for the design and performance simulation of S-CO_2 axial turbines.