Steam heating is an important component of industrial energy in China. At present

the control level of pipe network in thermal power plants and heat companies is uneven. This paper builds the steam transmission and distribution process model in the pipe network and establishes the mass-energy balance equation

which can calculate and analyze the specific composition of the loss during the process. According to the calculation results

the pipe loss in the process of steam transmission and distribution consists of two parts: hydrophobic mass loss and steam mass loss. The heat loss of the pipe network

the superheat steam of the pipe network and the superheat consumed by users are the main factors affecting the loss of hydrophobic mass loss. The steam mass loss can be calculated from pipe loss and hydrophobic mass loss. The analysis of loss composition can diagnose and evaluate the operation of steam heating pipe network

provide optimal operation strategy and guide the economic operation.At the same time

a monitoring method of steam pipe network leakage is provided

which is beneficial to improve the safe operation level of pipe network.