The feasibility study of a new natural ventilation cooling system for solar panels is carried out to solve the problem that the conversion efficiency of solar panels is restricted by the working temperature. Fluent 2020R2software is used to establish a three-dimensional numerical calculation model and simulate the configurations of four different sizes of support plates and guide plates. The cooling effects of the four natural ventilation cooling systems in typical hot and arid areas(Hami

Xinjiang) are compared

and the results show that

the best cooling effect is obtained when the configuration 1 with guide plates of 680.0 mm long and support plates of 728.9 mm long is used. The cooling temperature drop of the solar panels adopting the cooling system increases with the ambient temperature. The average daily temperature in July 2020 in Hami

Xinjiang is 303.3 K. The average working temperature of the solar panels applying the configuration 1 cooling system is 323.5～349.2 K

and the cooling temperature drop is 7.5～16.5 K

indicating that it is remarkable for cooling effect when solar panels adopt the new natural ventilation cooling system.