Modern power systems serve as a critical component of new energy architectures and are essential carriers for achieving the dual carbon goals. With the increasing penetration of renewable energy and the widespread use of various flexible

uncertain

distributed energy resources

the variety of generation and load types in power systems continues to expand

resulting in greater operational complexity and control challenges. Collective intelligence

identified as one of the key research directions in China's next generation artificial intelligence development plan

can leverage multi-agent cooperative optimization to support coordinated optimization and control in modern power systems. This paper begins with a brief overview of collective intelligence technologies. The current state of key research scenarios in modern power systems is then analyzed

with a focus on the emerging features and challenges encountered in these environments. Subsequently

the application potential of collective intelligence in modern power systems is summarized

along with a review of relevant research efforts in this domain. Finally

future research directions are discussed

highlighting advanced technologies that are expected to further enhance the integration of collective intelligence into modern power system control and optimization.