Frequency stability and security have been a vital challenge as large-scale renewable energy is integrated into power systems. In contrast

the proportion of traditional thermal power units decreases during the decarbonization transformation process

resulting in poor frequency support. This paper aims to explore the potential of frequency regulation support

dynamic assessment

and capacity promotion of thermal power plants in the transition period. Considering the dynamic characteristics of the main steam working fluid under different working conditions

a nonlinear observer is constructed by extracting the main steam pressure and valve opening degree parameters. The real-time frequency modulation capacity of thermal power units can provide a dynamic state for the power grid. A dynamic adaptive modification for primary frequency control (PFC) of power systems

including wind power and thermal power

is proposed and improved. The power dynamic allocation factor is adaptively optimized by predicting the speed droop ratio

and the frequency modulation capability of the system is improved by more than 11% under extreme conditions. Finally

through the Monte Carlo simulation of unit states of the system under various working conditions

the promotion of the frequency regulation capacity with high wind power penetration (WPP) is verified.