Combining bridge row piles with energy piles to create energy row piles can harness shallow geothermal energy for bridge deck deicing in winter and cooling in summer

respectively

while also supporting the mechanical loads of the bridge deck. This study investigates the thermo-mechanical response of energy row piles under heating-cooling cycles through field tests

and analyzes the interactions among energy row piles

slab

and unheated piles. An interface model considering the cyclic shear characteristics of the pile-soil interface is developed in a finite element software

and thermo-mechanical coupling numerical models of energy row piles are established to further explore the changes and mechanisms of long-term settlement of energy row pile under the combined effect of mechanical loads and heating-cooling cycles. The findings reveal that interactions among the energy row pile

slab

and unheated piles can result in load redistribution

leading to high thermally induced stresses of approximately 80% of the maximum thermally induced stress of the energy row pile (i.e. 1.1 MPa) at the top of the energy row piles due to strong restraining effects. Meanwhile

the slab experiences tensile stress exceeding the tensile strength of C30 concrete

reaching 3.75 MPa. Moreover

when the mechanical load is large

energy row piles progressively develop long-term settlement with an increasing number of thermal cycles

exhibiting a negative exponential growth pattern. This phenomenon is attributed to the mechanical load driving the pile-soil interface toward its limiting state

where cyclic shear at the interface readily induces plastic shear displacements

ultimately resulting in the long-term settlement of the energy row piles.