With the rapid development of mountainous highways and high-speed railways in China

geological disasters caused by new tunnel excavation

such as landslides

are widespread. Meanwhile

the diseases caused by landslides in existing tunnels are also increasing

resulting in significant harm to the tunnel construction and operation. In this paper

the academic research status

existing problems

and the development prospects associated with the tunnel-landslide system were summarily all over the world. First

the relative spatial location relationship and deformation characteristics of the tunnel-landslide system were systematically investigated. Second

the detailed analyses of the current status and prospects of research on tunnel-landslide interaction from five aspects geological survey

theory

model test

numerical simulation and field monitoring. Then

the control and protection techniques of the tunnel-landslide interaction were expounded from landslide reinforcement

tunnel reinforcement

and monitoring and prediction technology

and the corresponding shortcomings in the existing research and the aspects that still need to be discussed were marked. Finally

it is recommended to carry out further research on the landslide soil plasticity

nonlinear contact

earthquake and rainfall multi-factor coupling effects

the development and utilization of centrifugal model tests

the applicability of constitutive models

and the fine modeling of tunnels. Also

the impact zones of tunnel excavation should be further optimized

and the corresponding novel control and protection technologies should be developed. On this basis

a new type of monitoring technology system linked and shared for tunnel-landslide can be thus established. This paper provides new perspectives and essential data for academic research on tunnel-landslide system engineering.