To study the distribution law of the energy that induced rockburst in a coal rock system

the calculation formula of pre-peak energy distribution of binary and ternary combined models was theoretically analyzed. The axial loading experiments of binary and ternary self-constructed combined bodies with different proportions were carried out. The experimental results show that with the increase of coal-rock height ratio

the pre-peak total energy increases

but the increase amplitude decreases gradually. For combined bodies with the same coal-rock height ratio

the harder the rock component is

the smaller the pre-peak total energy will be. Independent of coal-rock height ratios

the proportion of energy stored in the coal component is always higher

which is more than 50%. With the increase of coal-rock height ratio

the proportion of energy stored in the coal component increases gradually

and the proportion of energy stored in the rock component decreases gradually. For combined body with the same coal-rock height ratio

the harder the rock component is

the higher the proportion of energy stored in the coal component will be. The pre-peak energy of a combined body is mainly distributed in the coal component

followed by the gritstone

and the fine sandstone has the least accumulated energy. This shows that the energy in a coal-rock system is mainly distributed in the weak coal-rock strata

the greater the elastic modulus of a rock

the less the amount of accumulated energy. Based on this

two concepts of prevention and control of rock burst

direct release of energy and indirect release of energy

were put forward. The results are of guiding significance to the prevention and control of rock burst in the field.